OSA Flashcards
How to compute for the Apnea- Hypopnea index
# of episodes ---------------- # of hrs of sleep
Factors severity of OSA
AHI Amount of O2 desaturation Duration of apnea and hypopnea Degree of sleep fragmentation Level of daytime sleepiness
Diagnosis of OSA
1) nocturnal symptoms/ daytime sleepiness
2) 5 or more episodes of apnea or hypopnea per hour of sleep
AHI to diagnosis OSA in the absence of symptoms
15
Major risk factors for OSAHS
Obesity
Male sex
Obese individuals are ___x at greater risk of OSAHS than their normal weight counterparts
4x
A 10% weight grain is assoc with ___% increase in AHI
30%
Reason for HTN in OSA
Augmented sympathetic nervous system activation as well as alterations in the RAAS and fluid balance
Over all impact of CPAP on BP
2-4 mmHg decrease in 24 h ambulatory BP monitoring
Rationale for daytime sleepiness in OSA
Visceral adipose tissue release somnogenic cytokines
Standard medical therapy with the highest level of evidence for efficacy in OSA
CPAP
Side effects of CPAP
Nasal congestion Claustrophobia Difficulty exhaling Bruised nasal bridge Aerophagia
Severity of OSA
Mild___
Moderate _____
Severe______
Mild 5-14 events/h
Moderate 15-29 events/h
Severe >30 events/h
Define APNEA
Cessation of Air flow 10 secs during sleep
Differentiate central apnea from OSA
Central apnea= absent respiratory effort
OSA= persistent respiratory effort
Accompanies the apnea
