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Communicable Diseases > ORTICS > Flashcards

ORTICS Flashcards

1
Q

Listeria Monocytogenes

A

Bacteria
Found in the environment
Ingestion
1-2 weeks can be up to 3 months
Found in soft cheese, deli meat, ready to eat, vegetables, raw milk, seafood, hot dogs
F, aches, N,V,D H, stiff neck, loss of balance, seizure, stillbirth or miscarriage

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2
Q

Escherichia coli

A

Bacteria O157:H7
GI tracts of mammals
Fecal-oral
1-8 days
Unpasteurized milk and juice, undercooked meat,
ab, bD, V, N, HUS

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3
Q

Salmonella enterditis

A

Bacteria
Poultry and eggs
Contamination through food and water
1-3 days
N, V, D, ab, F, H
Eggs, poultry, unpasteurized juice, produce

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4
Q

Campylobacteur jejuni

A

Bacteria
Most common in poultry, meat, seafood, produce
Ingestion
2-5 days
N,D,F,ab,V

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5
Q

Clostridium perfringens

A

Bacteria- toxin (spores)
Soil, water, air, feces, GI
Ingestion
6-24 hrs
D,ab, v, d, aches, N
most commonly in meats, stews, soups and gravy’s, beans

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6
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Bacteria toxin (spores) Anaerobic
Soil and agriculture and honey
Ingestion and dermal
12-36 hrs
Weak muscles, spasms, paralysis, s of b,
Can have wound infection. Infants -honey

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7
Q

Staphloccocus aeureus

A

Bacteria- toxin
Human reservoir
Cross contamination either through ingestion, wound, or HAI
30m-8 hrs
N,V,D, ab
Ready to eat, deli meats, pastries, sandwiches

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8
Q

Lyme

A

Bacteria- Borrelia Burgdorferi
Black legged ticks aka deer tickes Ixodes scapularis
Bite from tick
3-30 days
No pattern on back of tick
F,H,fa,erythema migrans or bulls eye rash, can spread to joints, heart and neuro system

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9
Q

West Nile

A

Virus
Corvid bird species and mainly culex mosquito species
Mosquito bite
2-14 days
Only symptoms in 10% of people
Mild= H, aches, joint pain, V, D, rash, fa, F
Severe= encephalitis or meningitis High F, stiff neck, H, paralysis, coma
Can also infect horses

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10
Q

Chronic Wasting Disease

A

Prion
Cervids- primarily mule deer
Not known in humans
Don’t eat deer meat
Odd behaviour, stumbling, drooling

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11
Q

Paralytic Shellfish poisoning

A

Toxin from algae
Shellfish
ingestion
minutes to hours
red tide
tingling, numbness, H, dizziness, difficulty swallowing, loss of speech, stiffness, resp arrest

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12
Q

Giardia lamblia

A

Parasite (protozoa)
GI and contaminated water
Fecal oral
7-10 days
Ingesting contaminated water or unpasteurized juice or milk
Can be asymptomatic, D, ab, N, fa, bloating
CT 2 ppm for 30 min

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13
Q

Pseudomonas Aeuriginosa

A

Bacteria
Aerobic and anaerobic (resistant to treatment)
Warm moist environments
Direct contact, inhalation, indirect contact, medical devices
24-72hrs
Common HAI and in hot tubs
Pneumonia, ear infections, rash, folliculitis, itching, redness

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14
Q

Hepatitis A

A

Virus
Humans
Fecal oral
15-50 days
Contaminated food, water and ppl
Jaundice, N, V, D, ab, F
Vaccine

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15
Q

Hep B

A

Virus
Blood
Blood or body fluid contact
up to 3 months
sex, needles, birth, blood
can be asymptomatic, F, fa, V, joint pain, jaundice
Vaccine

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16
Q

Hep C

A

Virus
Blood
BBF
2-12 weeks
Sex, needles, birth, blood
can be asymptomatic, F, fa, V, joint pain, jaundice
No vaccine but there is treatments

17
Q

Avian Flu

A

Virus
Wild Birds
Contact with infected birds their feces, urine or items. (NOT person to person)
2-5 days up to 17
working with birds
F, malaise, cough, sore throat, muscle aches

18
Q

Shigella

A

Bacteria (multiple species)
GI
Fecal oral
1-3 days up to 7
Contaminated water, food, daycares
D, F, N, ab, V, toxemia

19
Q

Typhoid

A

Salmonella typhi bacteria
Humans
FEcal oral
3 days-3 months
water, fruit, shellfish
F, H, fa, cough, rash, constipation or D
Vaccine

20
Q

Hantavirus

A

Virus
Deer mice
inhalation of feces/urine of mice
3 days to 2 weeks
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome
F, chills, fa, cough, s of b, low bp

21
Q

Vibrio parahaemolytica

A

Bacteria
saltwater
ingestion
within 24 hrs
eating raw shellfish
wD, ab, N, V, F, chills

22
Q

Ciguatera

A

Algae dinoflagellate toxin ciguatoxin
Reef fish- barracuda, moray eel
Ingestion of fish that has ingested toxin sub-tropical
minutes-24hrs
Initial= N,V,D, ab
Secondary tingling, numbness, sore, temp reversal, fa, H, itchy skin

23
Q

Scombroid

A

Histamine in fish
Fish- tuna, mackerel, mahi mahi, sardines
Ingestion
Minutes to hours
Decomposition of fish leading to buildup of histamine
Burning throat, D, dizziness, swelling, H, itchy, palpitations, N

24
Q

Anisakis

A

Parasite- worm
Fish and squid
ingestion of raw seafood
hours
nematodes attach to walls of GI
ab, N, V, D, F, allergic reactions

25
Q

Brucella

A

Bacteria
Animals-cows
Contact with animals (ingestion, dermal, inhale)
2-4 weeks up to 6 months
F, malaise, anorexia, fa, H, aches
Can lead to endocarditis, arthritis, neurologic symptoms, swelling of liver and spleen

26
Q

Cyclospora

A

Parasite
GI tract- water
fecal- oral in water. Not likely person to person due to amount of time takes 1-2 weeks after stool is passed to become infectious
1 week
Produce, unpasteurized juice
wD, ab, N, V,F, fa

27
Q

Legionella pneumophillia

A

Bacteria
Warm fresh water
Inhalation of water droplets
Hot tubs, hot water tanks, AC towers, fountains, showers
2-10 days
Legionnaires high fever, chills, cough, pneumonia 1 in 10 die
Pontiac fever F, aches

28
Q

Amoebiasis

A

Parasite Entamoeba histolytica
Human GI
fecal-oral
2-4 weeks
not washing hands, food and water
Only 10-20% show symptoms
ab, D, if severe dysentery and F.

29
Q

Bacillus cereus

A

Bacteria
soil, water, env
ingestion
30 min-6 hours emetic 6hrs- 24 hrs diarrheal
ingesting starchy foods- rice, pasta
N,V,D,ab

30
Q

Measles

A

Virus
Humans
Airborne
11-12 days
Rash, iopik spots, fever, ear infection, cough, conjunctivitis
Exclude 4 days after rash appears
Period of communicability 2 days before symptoms to 4 days after rash
Vaccine

31
Q

Yersinia enterocolitica

A

Bacteria
Pork and other animals, unpasteurized milk
Ingestion, fecal oral
4-7 days
Ab, bD, f

32
Q

Leptospirosis

A

Bacteria leptospira
Humans and animals
Contact with animals and contaminated food and water, soil
2 days - 4 weeks
Mice, flooding, raccoons
F,h, aches, jaundice, d, ab

Communicable Diseases (6 decks)

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