Orthopedics/Rheumatology

Question 1

what is another name for olecranon bursitis

Answer 1

scholar’s elbow

Question 2

what is another name for prepatellar bursitis

Answer 2

housemiads knee

Question 3

What is Basset’s sign

Answer 3

tenderness to palpation at the distal pole of patella in full extension and no tenderness to palpation at the distal pole of the patella in full flexion
associated wtih patellar tendinitis

Question 4

what treatment should be avoided with patellar tedonitis

Answer 4

cortisone injections - risk of patellar tendon rupture

Question 5

what special tests are used to diagnost biceps tendonitis

Answer 5

speeds and yergasons test

Question 6

diagnostic test for cauda equina

Answer 6

MRI - for new onset urinary systems with associated back pain/sciatica

Question 7

what is the treatment for cuada equina

Answer 7

surgical emergency - immediate referral

Question 8

what are risk factors associated with costochrondirits

Answer 8

age >40, high impact sports, manual labor, allergies, RA, ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis

Question 9

What is Tietze syndrome

Answer 9

inflammatory process causing visible enlargement of costocondral area “slipping rib syndrome”

Question 10

what is a Monteggia fracture

Answer 10

proximal ulnar shaft fracture with radial head dislocation

Question 11

how is gout diagnosed

Answer 11

arthrocentesis - rod-shaped negatively birefringent
serum uric acid level >8
imaging (punched out lesion)

Question 12

what is the treatment of gout

Answer 12

lifestyle management,
NSAIDS (indomethacin, colchicine)

Question 13

what pathogen is most commonly associated with osteomyelitis

Answer 13

S. aureus

Question 14

what pathogen is seen with dog/cat bites

Answer 14

pasturella

Question 15

what is the gold standard diagnostic test for osteomyelitis

Answer 15

bone aspiration

Question 16

what tests are used to diagnose osteomyelitis

Answer 16

x-ray triad: demineralizeation, periosteal reaction, bone destruction
MRI - shows changes before xray
LABS: CRP elevated 406 weeks, WBC and ESR high in most cases
blood culture/bone aspiration = definitive diagnosis

Question 17

what joints are most commonly affected by septic arthritis

Answer 17

knee and hip

Question 18

what are causes of septic arthritis

Answer 18

hematogenous spread, direct inoculation and contiguous spread

Question 19

what pathogens are most commonly associated with septic arthritis

Answer 19

A. aures is the most common
N. gonorrhea in sexually active adults
pseduomnas in IVDU

Question 20

how is septic arthritis diagnosed

Answer 20

arthrocentesis = definitive diagnosis (WBC >50,000)

Question 21

what is the treatment for septic arthritis

Answer 21

based on gram stain 2-4 week course of abx + arthrotomy with joint drainage
S.aureas= vanco/nafcillin
Gonorrhea=ceftriaxone
IVDU = cipro/levaquin

Question 22

what is mallet finger

Answer 22

avulsion of extensor tendon - foced flexion = cant staighten distal finger

Question 23

what is boutonniere deformity

Answer 23

PIP flexio and DIP hyperextension, usually from jammed finger

Question 24

what is a Felon

Answer 24

infection of the pulp space of fingertip, usually with staph or strep

Question 25

what is herpetic whitlow

Answer 25

herpes virus infection around fingernail (thumb sucking)