Orthopedics PP Flashcards
Not true for osteosarcoma
Occur usually in adulthood
Malignant
Pain is first symptom
Occur usually in adulthood
Achondroplasia is caused by
A mutation in the FGFR3
Ortolani’s test
Baby is supine
Knee flexed to 90 degree
From adducted position the hip is abducted
B before O. First do Bralow (which will dislocate the hip then do Ortolani which will bring the hip inside)
Positive Ortolani’s test
Paplable clank as the hip reduced back into position
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease=
Necrosis of the proximal femoral epiphysis in childhood
Ewing’s sarcoma on X-ray
Permeative destruction, “onion skin” periosteal reaction
Incidence of Ewing Sarcoma
2nd most common malignant bone tumor of children and young adults
What are the 4 stages of Perthes disease
Initial
Sclerotic
Fregmentation
End stage
GMFC I
Patient is able to walk independently
GMFC II
Walk short distance independently
Require assistance under more difficult conditions
Unable to jump
GMFC III
Can walk only with assistance
Perform every day activity independently
GMFC IV
only able to take a few steps with assistnace
Wheelchair!
Not independent in everyday life
GMFC V
Completely dependant
Require nursing
Scheuermanns disease
Juvenile osteochondrosis of the thoracic or lumbar spine
Which ossifocation center is effected in Scheuermanns disease
Secondary
Of the vertebrae
Not typical for Scheuermanns disease
Block vertebrae formation
Schmorl herniation
Post. based wedge vertebrae
Narrowing of inervertebrae space
Block vertebrae formation
Ewing’s sarcoma is a tumor of
Any bone and soft tissues
Surgical treatment in Perthes is indicated when
Never
If both sides are effected
Only before age 16 y
In case of femoral head subluxation
In case of femoral head subluxation
Chondroma must be treated
Surgically with curettage and bone grafting
Spastic monoplegia=
Paralysis of a limb (one limb)
Lipoma treatment
Primarly surgical with radical margins
Low grade chondrosarcoma treatment
Surgery
Dystrophia musculorum progressiva (Duchenne):
Select one:
it starts at the age 2-5 years
it starts in newborn
most common in girls
hypertrophy of the muscle
it starts at the age 2-5 years
Not true, regarding osteosarcomas:
Select one:
Mostly involves the diaphysis of long bones
hematogenous spread result in pulmonary metastases
X-ray shows a ‘sunburst’ appearance
are most commonly seen around the knee and in the proximal humerus
Mostly involves the diaphysis of long bones
Metaphysis
Morbus De Quervain presents the symptoms of
Select one:
tenosynovitis of flexor pollicis brevis
tenosynovitis of extensor pollicis longus
paralysis of flexor pollicis longus
tenosynovitis of extensor pollicis brevis et abductor pollicis
tenosynovitis of extensor pollicis brevis et abductor pollicis
Prognosis of Perthes disease not depends on:
Select one:
axial deformity of knee
the kind of treatment
the gender
the age at onset
the age at onset
progressed Scheuermann’s disease is not characterized by
Select one:
fixed kyphotic dorsal spine
intensive pain while loading
kyphosis correctable with active muscle force
mostly affected thoracal vertebras
kyphosis correctable with active muscle force
Do not advice for patient having hammer toes, callosities
Select one:
high heel shoe
toe orthesis
orthopedic shoe with insole and high cap
surgery, ostectomy
high heel shoe
Arthrogryposis is characterized
Select one:
the musculature around the joints is atrophic or missing with contractures
acquired disease
hyper laxity of joints
blue sclerae, higher bone fragility
the musculature around the joints is atrophic or missing with contractures
“Tennis and golf-elbow” problems are
Select one:
traumatic conditions
congenital conditions
infection related problems
overuse syndromes
overuse syndromes
Non characteristic for transitoric arthritis of the hip
Select one:
femur head necrosis on x-ray
upper respiratory tract infection in history 1-2 weeks before
serous synovitis
sudden onset of knee or hip pain, limp
femur head necrosis on x-ray
Habitual patella dislocation is caused mainly by
Select one:
patellar dysplasia
loose collateral ligaments
flexion contracture of the knee
meniscal leasion
patellar dysplasia
Sudeck syndrome is not characterized by
Select one:
dislocation of the hip
warm, dry skin with edema
purple, cool skin
spotty atrophy on bones
dislocation of the hip
The only treatment for epiphyseolysis capitis femoris (slipped capital femoral epiphysis, SCFE)
Select one:
cautious, conservative bed rest
operative, by arthrodesis (fusion) of the hip
conservative, brace wearing
operative, transepiphyseal screw or pin fixation
operative, transepiphyseal screw or pin fixation
Not true regarding osteoid osteoma:
Select one:
It is a benign bone tumor
Radiologically appears as a radiolucent lesion surrounded by dense bone
Presents with severe pain that is typically relieved by aspirin
It is a malignant tumor
It is a malignant tumor
Haematogenous osteomyelitis in childhood most frequently affects
Select one:
the epiphysis of long bones
cuboid bones
the metaphysis of long bones
flat bones
the metaphysis of long bones
True for giant cell bone tumors:
Select one:
transforms malignant in a small percentage (less than 1%) of the cases
accompanied by periosteal reaction
causes osteoplastic metastases
is an agressive growing, malignant tumor
transforms malignant in a small percentage (less than 1%) of the cases
Classical central osteosarcoma
Select one:
occurs in the metaphyses of the long tubular bones
radiosensitive
the third most common primary malignant bone tumor
appears in adulthood
occurs in the metaphyses of the long tubular bones
Snapping finger is caused by:
Select one:
inflammation and narrowing of the tendon sheath
rupture of extensor tendons
idiopathic pain in the palm
rupture of flexor tendons
inflammation and narrowing of the tendon sheath
Incidence of osteochondrosis capitis femoris juvenilis (Perthes’s disease)
Select one:
four times more common in girls
four times more common in boys
generally appears together with other osteochondrosis
same incidence in both gender
four times more common in boys
Unjustified treatment method of Perthes’s disease:
Select one:
Pavlik harness
varisation and derotation femoral osteotomy
use of crutches
non-weight bearing
Pavlik harness
The optimal treatment of the congenital muscular torticollis:
Select one:
conservative, all the time
conservative at the newborn, and operative if necessary
operative on the adult
operative, in the newborn
conservative at the newborn, and operative if necessary
Hemiplegia in infantile cerebral palsy involves
Select one:
lower limbs
all four limbs
one body side
upper limbs
one body side
Dupuytren disease characterized by:
Select one:
paralysis of hand muscles
swelling of the DIP joints
inflammation and contracture of palmar fascia
contracture of the wrist
inflammation and contracture of palmar fascia
DuPPPPuytren- PPPalmar facsia
Congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH, DDH) is caused by:
Select one:
inflammation in the hip joints
dominant inheritance
trauma at the delivery
multifactorial agents, including hormonal factors an inheritance
multifactorial agents, including hormonal factors an inheritance
Recurrent dislocation of the shoulder is typically located:
Select one:
posterior
central
cranial
anterior
anterior
In order to diagnose a disk herniation, the preferred imaging technic is:
Select one:
Ap x-ray
Flexion-extension roentgenograms
Ultrasound
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium
Treatment method of clubfoot
Select one:
conservative, starting in the 1st week
surgery in each case
conservative, starting in the 3rd month
no redressing plaster cast, in case of failure surgery
conservative, starting in the 1st week
Not true for juvenile bone cyst
Select one:
the first sign is often the fracture of thin cortex
the first sign is often the typical nocturnal pain relieved by salicylic acid based drugs
occurs mainly in long tubular bones
tumor like bone lesion
the first sign is often the typical nocturnal pain relieved by salicylic acid based drugs
I’m not sure
Not true for Ewing-sarcoma:
Select one:
generally localized to the long tubular bones
occurs usually in childhood
pain, fever and leukocytosis is typical
semi-malignant
semi-malignant
Chances of development of hip dysplasia/dislocation is worsened
Select one:
keeping the baby in loose clothes
keeping the baby with abducted legs
keeping the baby with straight legs
keeping the baby in prone position
keeping the baby with straight legs
Osteogenesis imperfecta is characterized by
Select one:
extreme fragility of the bones
metabolic imbalance
paralysis of the arms and hands
inflammation of the joints
extreme fragility of the bones
Enchondroma
Select one:
the ratio of malignant transformation is over 20%
most common in the meta-diaphysis of long tubular bones
often transforms into osteosarcoma
common in the short tubular bones of hand and foot
common in the short tubular bones of hand and foot
unacceptable treatment of flexible flatfoot in children:
Select one:
supination heel raise
intraarticular steroid drug injection
in severe cases surgical correction
physical exercises
intraarticular steroid drug injection
Not true for Ewing-sarcoma:
Select one:
pain, fever and leukocytosis is typical
occurs usually in childhood
generally localized to the long tubular bones
semi-malignant
semi-malignant
True for giant cell bone tumors:
Select one:
is an agressive growing, malignant tumor
transforms malignant in a small percentage (less than 1%) of the cases
accompanied by periosteal reaction
causes osteoplastic metastases
transforms malignant in a small percentage (less than 1%) of the cases
Not true, regarding osteosarcomas:
Select one:
are most commonly seen around the knee and in the proximal humerus
Mostly involves the diaphysis of long bones
hematogenous spread result in pulmonary metastases
X-ray shows a ‘sunburst’ appearance
Mostly involves the diaphysis of long bones
Morbus De Quervain presents the symptoms of
Select one:
tenosynovitis of extensor pollicis longus
tenosynovitis of extensor pollicis brevis et abductor pollicis
paralysis of flexor pollicis longus
tenosynovitis of flexor pollicis brevis
tenosynovitis of extensor pollicis brevis et abductor pollicis
Infantile cerebral palsy is not characterized by
Select one:
flexion contracture of hip and knee joints
clumsy hands, supination contracture
the musculature around the joints is atrophic or missing with contractures
walks with bended knees, on tiptoe
the musculature around the joints is atrophic or missing with contractures
Cummulated occurrence in the family, limitation in abduction, shallow acetabulum, underdeveloped ossification center of the femoral head, distorted Ménard-Shanton’s line on X-ray and Trendelenburg–limping in age group of 1 - 3 years are characteristic for:
Select one:
Perthes disease
Congenital dysplasia of the hip (CDH)
septic coxitis of newborn
epiphyseolysis capitis femoris (slipped capital femoral epiphysis, SCAFE)
Congenital dysplasia of the hip (CDH)
Not true for osteochondroma:
Select one:
benign exostosis, covered by cartilage
often appears in multiple form
malignant transformation possible to chondrosarcoma
located on the diaphysis
located on the diaphysis
Congenital clubfoot must be treated
Select one:
in plaster cast at the age of 3 months
with active exercises after birth
surgically at the age of 1 year
in plaster cast at the age of 1 week
in plaster cast at the age of 1 week
Prognosis of Perthes disease not depends on:
Select one:
the age at onset
the gender
the kind of treatment
axial deformity of knee
axial deformity of knee
Slow development of thigh and knee pain, limitation in flexion, internal rotation and abduction in praepubertal age, hormonal dysfunctional appearance are characteristic for:
Select one:
Perthes disease
epiphyseolysis capitis femoris (slipped capital femoral epiphysis, SCFE)
transient arthritis of hip joint
congenital dysplasia of the hip (CDH)
epiphyseolysis capitis femoris (slipped capital femoral epiphysis, SCFE)
Non characteristic for transitoric arthritis of the hip
Select one:
femur head necrosis on x-ray
upper respiratory tract infection in history 1-2 weeks before
serous synovitis
sudden onset of knee or hip pain, limp
femur head necrosis on x-ray
Not true for juvenile bone cyst
Select one:
the first sign is often the typical nocturnal pain relieved by salicylic acid based drugs
tumor like bone lesion
the first sign is often the fracture of thin cortex
occurs mainly in long tubular bones
the first sign is often the typical nocturnal pain relieved by salicylic acid based drugs
Rupture of biceps tendon mostly occurs
Select one:
in young women
in children
in clerks
in middle aged men
in middle aged men
A child who has cerebral palsy involving both lower extremities would be classified as
Select one:
monoplegic
hemiplegic
diplegic
quadriplegic
diplegic
Treatment method of clubfoot
Select one:
surgery in each case
conservative, starting in the 3rd month
conservative, starting in the 1st week
no redressing plaster cast, in case of failure surgery
conservative, starting in the 1st week
In case of uncertainty after X-rays, scaphoid fracture can be verified by. a. MRI scan b. Physical examination c. CT scan d. EMG
c. CT scan
Dupuytrens disease characterized by: a. Paralysis of hand muscles b. myofibroblastic remodeling and contracture of palmar aponeurosis c. contracture of the wrist d. swelling of the DIP joints -”- a. paralysis of hand muscles b. swelling of the DIP joints c. contracture of the wrist d. inflammation and contracture of palmar fascia
b. myofibroblastic remodeling and contracture of palmar
d. inflammation and contracture of palmar fascia
- The treatment of Dupuytrens contracture is
a. steroid injection
b. conservative therapy
c. physiotherapy
d. surgical
d. surgical
Trigger finger is caused by:
a. idiopathic pain in the palm
b. rupture of extensor tendons
c. rupture of flexor tendons
d. inflammation and narrowing of the flexor tendon sheath
d. inflammation and narrowing of the flexor tendon sheath
The definitive treatment of the trigger finger is
a. steroid injection
b. conservative treatment
c. surgical treatment
d. physiotherapy
c. surgical treatment
The diagnosis of the trigger finger can be established by
a. x-ray
b. CT scan
c. MRI scan
d. Physical examination
d. Physical examination
The surgical treatment of the trigger finger involves incising the: a. A/4 pulley b. Flexor retinaculum c. Deep palmar arch d. A/1 pulley
d. A/1 pulley
Symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome can be, EXCEPT:
a. nocturnal pain
b. numbness and tingling in the distribution area of the
median nerve
c. decreased grip strength
d. numbness and tingling in the distribution area of the ulnar
nerve
d. numbness and tingling in the distribution area of the ulnar
nerve
The definitive treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome is the surgical incision of a. the A/1 pulley b. deep palmar arch c. transverse carpal ligament d. the A/4 pulley
c. transverse carpal ligament
A basic hand is
a. a hand with four long fingers
b. a hand with one long finger and an opposable thumb
c. a hand with three fingers
d. a hand with five long fingers
b. a hand with one long finger and an opposable thumb
The most frequently affected joint on the hand by
osteoarthritis is
a. the metacarpophalangeal joint
b. the interphalangeal joint
c. the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
d. the radiocarpal joint
c. the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
Finkelsteins test is to verify the diagnosis of
a. Dequervains tenosynovitis
b. midcarpal instability
c. scapholunate instability
d. carpal tunnel syndrome
a. Dequervains tenosynovitis
30. The following disorder is an acquired hand disorder select one: a. De quervain´s disease b. clubhand c. cleft hand d. syndactyly
a. De quervain´s disease
Snapping finger is caused by: select one: a. rupture of extensor tendons b. inflammation and narrowing of the tendon sheath c. idiopathic pain in the palm d. rupture of flexor tendons
b. inflammation and narrowing of the tendon sheath
signs of spondylarthrosis, except
a. sclerosis
b. osteophyte formation
c. intervertebral foramina narrowing
d. the nucleus pulposus is a perfect gel state
d. the nucleus pulposus is a perfect gel state
types of spinal disc hernias, except
a. foraminal
b. paravertebral
c. extraforaminal
d. central
e. mediolateral
b. paravertebral
The L4 and L5 spinal disc hernia is as common as
a. 30-40 %
b. 60-70%
c. 90-95%
d. 25-35%
b. 60-70%
Lasegue test is to provoke irritation of the nerve roots at
a. cervical level
b. thoracic level
c. lumbar leve
d. cranial level
c. lumbar leve
- Knee deformities not seen in myelomeningocele
a. Flexion contracture
b. Extension contracture
c. Genu recurvatum
d. Genu valgus/varum
d. Genu valgus/varum
- Obstetric paralysis is :
select one
a. Psycho-senso-motor disturbance caused by a pre- or
perinatal cerebral lesion
b. a neurological syndrome affecting both lower limbs of pregnant women
c. the paralysis of the upper limb caused by injury of the brachial plexus during birth
d. spastic paralysis in children
c. the paralysis of the upper limb caused by injury of the brachial plexus during birth
In adults, the normal collodiaphyseal (Femoral neck and stem) angle is: select one a. between 100-125 degrees b. between 150-170 degrees c. between 125-135 degrees d. between 135-150 degrees
c. between 125-135 degrees
In adults, the collodiaphyseal angle is considered varus, if the femoral neck and stem angle: a. Between 135-145 degrees b. Less than 120 degrees c. More than 150 degrees d. Between 125-135 degrees
b. Less than 120 degrees
In adults, the collodiaphyseal angle is considered valgus, if the femoral neck and stem angle: a. Less than 110 degrees b. More than 135 degrees c. between 125-135 degrees d. between 115-125 degrees
b. More than 135 degrees
which is the first choice imaging technique in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)? select one a. MRI subluxation b. CT c. US d. x-ray
c. US
Screening of developmental dysplasia of the hip is
compulsory:
a. Only in twins
b. In every newborn (at the age of 3-4 days, at 3-4 weeks and at 3-4 months)
c. only in newborns with positive family history
d. in every newborn (at the age of 3-4 days)
b. In every newborn (at the age of 3-4 days, at 3-4 weeks and at 3-4 months)
The following are risk factors of developmental dysplasia of the hip, except: a. Positive family history b. Premature birth c. Intrauterine infection d. Breech presentation
b. Premature birth
The following is not true regarding congenital dislocation
and dysplasia (CDH, DDH,) of the hip:
select one:
a. It is the necrosis of the proximal femoral epiphysis
b. is is the congenital dysplasia of the acetabulum
c. it may lead to either intra or extrauterine consecutive hip
dislocation
d. is is more common in girls
a. It is the necrosis of the proximal femoral epiphysis
Factors which predispose a patient for idiopathic femoral
head necrosis. (Avascular femoral head necrosis)
select one:
a. chronic antituberculotic treatment
b. chronic non-steroid treatment
c. chronic steroid treatment
d. chronic antibiotic treatment
c. chronic steroid treatment
Hip dislocation is treated by Pavlik harness
a. immediately after delivery
b. from week 2-3
c. when the child is able to sit
d. when the child is able to stand
b. from week 2-3
What is Risser sign?
select one:
a. The appearance of the ossification center of the iliac crest
b. The rate of progression in scoliosis
c. the rate of vertebral rotation in case of scoliosis
d. the radiological sign of scheuermann´s disease
a. The appearance of the ossification center of the iliac crest
In which disease are the Drehmann´s sign be observed?
select one:
a. Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)
b. Cerebral palsy
c. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
d. Pes calcaneovalgus
c. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Examining a 14 year old boy with thigh pain on passive flexing of the hip,constrained abduction and external rotation occur. This sign is called select one: a. Lachmann´s sign b. Drehmann´s sign c. Trendelenburg sign d. Ortolani´s sign
b. Drehmann´s sign
- In hip flexion the lower limb is forced into external
rotation and abduction (Drehmanns sign). What is the
diagnosis?
a. Epiphyseolysis capitis femoris (Slipped capital femoral epiphysis)
b. Developmental dysplasia of the hip
c. Coxa vara infantum
d. Transient arthritis of hip joint
a. Epiphyseolysis capitis femoris (Slipped capital femoral epiphysis)
Which clinical signs can be observed in slipped capital
femoral epihysis?
select one:
a. Thigh and knee pain, limping, external rotated lower limb. In acute cases patient may be unable to walk
b. nocturnal pelvic pain
c. Enuresis nocturna
d. Continuous pain which increases at night and fever
a. Thigh and knee pain, limping, external rotated lower limb. In acute cases patient may be unable to walk
which are pathogenic factors in slipped capital femoral
epiphysis?
select one:
a. static disorders of the lower limb (pes planus, genu
valgum, ect?
b. Previous perthes disease, serous- or septic arthritis of the hip joint
c. imbalance in growth- and sex hormones that leads to
delayed physeal closure in the proximal femoral epiphysis
d. disorders in insulin metabolism due to the growth
hormone like effects of insulin
c. imbalance in growth- and sex hormones that leads to
delayed physeal closure in the proximal femoral epiphysis
which clinical sign is not present in Perthes disease?
select one:
a. Thigh pain
b. knee pain
c. Drehmann´s sign
d. Range of motion is decreased in the hip, especially
internal rotation and abduction
c. Drehmann´s sign
Surgical treatment is indicated in Perthes disease:
select one:
a. If both sides are affected
b. Never
c. only before the age of 16 years
d. In case the femoral head is subluxated
d. In case the femoral head is subluxated
- Prognosis of Perthes disease not depends on:
a. the age at onset
b. the gender
c. the kind of treatment
d. axial deformity of knee
d. axial deformity of knee
- Which treatment option you have to choose first, in case
of an 11 year old patient (before skeletal maturity) with a 4 cm shortening of a lower limb?
select one:
a. Amputation at the middle of leg is considered, and
application of a modern light prosthesis
b. Elongation of the shortened limb
c. Temporary epiphysiodesis of the longer limb
d. Conservative treatment, footwear correction
c. Temporary epiphysiodesis of the longer limb
Transitory arthritis coxae (transitory inflammation of the hip
joint is characterized:
select one:
a. the congenital dysplasia of the acetabulum, which may
lead to either intra- or extrauterine consecutive hip
dislocation
b. the necrosis of the femoral epiphysis in childhood, leading
to a deformity of the femoral head
c. acute painful hip arthritis, which resolved by itself within a
few days most frequently occur between the ages of 12-
14 years
d. Slipping of the capital femoral epiphysis backward and
medially on the femoral neck
d. Slipping of the capital femoral epiphysis backward and
medially on the femoral neck
Unacceptable surgical treatment of osteochondritis
dissecans of the knee in adolescent patient:
select one:
a. Knee arthroplasty
b. cartilage reconstruction by mozaic plasty
c. drilling of the sclerotic zone
d. refixation of the unstable fragment
a. Knee arthroplasty
What is characteristic of Schlatter-Osgood disease?
select one:
a. septic necrosis of the tibial tuberosity
b. Schlatter-Osgood is mainly the disease of toddlers
c. surgery is necessary in the acute inflammatory phase
d. Tenderness and swelling may be observed above the tibial tuberosity
d. Tenderness and swelling may be observed above the tibial tuberosity
Congenital clubfoot must be treated:
a. with active exercise after birth
b. in plaster cast at the age of 1 week
c. surgically at the age of 1 year
d. in plaster cast at the age of 3 months
b. in plaster cast at the age of 1 week
- Most common localization of idiopathic structural
scoliosis is
a. Left convex dorsal
b. right convex dorsal
c. Left convex dorso-lumbar
d. Left convex dorsal and right convex lumbar
b. right convex dorsal
- Treatment of scoliosis with corset is advised, if
a. the spine curvature is less than 20 Cobb´s degree
b. the spine curvature is between 20-50 Cobb´s degree
c. following skeletal maturity
d. the spine curvature is between 50-80 Cobb´s degree
b. the spine curvature is between 20-50 Cobb´s degree
Cobb angle is an indicator of the degree of deformity in: select one: a. Hallux valgus b. Congenital dislocation of the hip c. Scoliosis d. Perthes disease
c. Scoliosis
Scheuermanns disease is:
select one:
a. Juvenile osteochondrosis of the thoracic or lumbar spine
b. Complex three-dimensional deformity of the spine
c. Congenital deformity of the foot
d. Juvenile osteochondrosis of the femoral head
a. Juvenile osteochondrosis of the thoracic or lumbar spine
Which of the following disease is not a type of pediatric bone sickness a. Schlatter-osgood disease b. Idiopathic femoral head necrosis c. Perthes disease d. Scheuermanns disease
b. Idiopathic femoral head necrosis
In case of benign bone tumor, the X-ray shows
select one:
a. Destruction of the cortex
b. Well defined border between normal bone and lesion
c. “Onion peel” reaction
d. Spiculum formation in the periosteum
b. Well defined border between normal bone and lesion
the most common location of bone metastasis is the: select one: a. Femur diaphysis b. Lumbar spine c. Scapula d. Distal radius
b. Lumbar spine
First choice of treatment of giant cell tumor of bone is
select one:
a. curettage and filling of the cavity with bone chips or
cement
b. irradiation
c. joint resection
d. chemotherapy
a. curettage and filling of the cavity with bone chips or
cement
most cases (60%) of osteosarcomas occur select one: a. in the ribs b. in the metacarpuses c. in the scapula d. around the knee
d. around the knee
Osteosarcomas are common at age of:
a. 10-20 years
b. 30-40 years
c. 1-10 years
d. over 60 years
a. 10-20 years
Enchondromatosis affects select one: a. the epiphyses of the vertebral bodies b. the metaphyses of the long bones and the entire short tubular bones of hand c. female patients only d. patients over the age of 60 years
b. the metaphyses of the long bones and the entire short tubular bones of hand
The following is true regarding rhabdomyosarcomas
select one:
a. They are generally localized in the eyes
b. they are benign tumors consisting entirely of mature white fat
c. they are semi-malignant
d. they are the most frequent soft tissue sarcomas in
children
d. they are the most frequent soft tissue sarcomas in
children
Low grade chondrosarcomas
a. metastasize very early
b. Have a 5-year survival rate of about 10%
c. Grow fast
d. Are radio-and chemotherapy resistant
d. Are radio-and chemotherapy resistant
Which muscle is an internal rotator of the hip select one: a. m piriformis b. m iliopsoas c. m gluteus minimus d. m gluteus maximus
c. m gluteus minimus
