Derma general Flashcards
Raised solid skin lesion is also called
Nodule
Non palpable small skin bleeding is also called
Patechiae
Large arreas of skin hemorrhage may be palpables is also called
Purpua
Patechiae saize
< 3 mm
Purpura size
3-10 mm
Skin bleeding > 10 mm is called
Ecchymosis
Urticaria 3 R’s
Raised
Red
Rounded
Round lesion=
Annular
Coin shaped lesion=
Nummular
Give example for skin codition with coin shaped lesions
Nummular eczema
2 types of urticaria
Acute < 6 weeks
Chronic > 6 weeks
Urticaria may be the result of
Acute infections SLE Idiopathic ACE inhibitors ARB's
Urticaria definition
Prurititc transient swelling of the upper dermis mediated by histamine release
Urticaria classification based on etiology
Immunological
Non immunological
Underlying disease
Immunological urticaria can be (3)
IgE mediated
Immune complex mediated
Autoimmune
Non-Immunological urticaria can be (3)
Direct
Physical forms- heat, cold pressure
Intolerance
Urticaria treatment
2
Oral H1 antihistamines
Oral glucocorticoids- Prednisone
+ Epi
Hereditary Angioedema long term treatment
Danazol
Atopic dermatitis is in connection with
Rhinitis
Asthma
Food allergy
Etiology of Atopic dermatitis
Epidermal barrier dysfunction
Fillagrin mutation
Immune dysregulation
Atopic dermatitis skin symptoms by age
0-2 extensor surface face cheeks
2-16 flexors, Lichenification
Adults flexors hands face, Lichenification
Major criteria for Atopic dermatitis
Pruritus
Typical morphology and distribution
Chronic
Family history
Atopic dermatitis basic therapy
Skin hydration
Atopic dermatitis active treatment
Milt to moderate
Topical steroids
Topical calcineurin inhibitors
Atopic dermatitis active treatment
Severe
Phototherapy
Oral cyclosporin
Dupilumab
How much time is safe to put topical corticosteroids?
2-4 weeks
Side effects topical corticosteroids
Stria
Atrophy
Teleangiectasis
Superinfections
Alternative to topical corticosteroids
Local calcineurin inhibitors
Contact dermatitis can be (2)
Allergic
Irritative
Allergic Contact dermatitis=
Type IV HSN Sensibilization Erythematous placque Dissemination- Papules and vesicles Itching Patch test
Irritative Contact dermatitis=
Toxic irratation No Sensibilization Sharply localized No distant spreading Burning sensation NO patch test
Endogenous eczema
Atopic dermatitis Seborrheic dermatitis Dyhidrosis Stasis dermatitis Nummular dermatitis
Seborrhoic dermatitis mainly affects
Sabeceous gland rich regions of face, scalp and trunk
Nummular dermatitis causes
S. Aureus
Alcohol
Seborrhoic dermatitis causes
Malassezia
Genes
Stress
Immunosupp.
3 most serious types of drug rashes
Erythroderma
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Anticonvulsant HSN Syndrome
Urticaria can be caused by which drugs?
Aspirin
NSAID’s
Penicillin
Erythema Multiforme can be caused by which drugs?
Anticonvulsant
Sulfonamides
Erythroderma can be caused by which drugs?
Alluporinul
Gold
Sulfonurea
TEN can be caused by which drugs?
Penicillin
NSAID’s
Carbamazepine
Impetigo, describe it
Exudative ereas
Honey colored crust
Spread by direct contact
If Impetigo extend to the dermis it is called
Ecthyma
Impetigo treatment
Flucidic acid
Povidone iodine
Folliculitis treatment
Local AB- Flucidic acid
Erythromycin
Describe erysipales lesion
Well defined
Placques
Erythematous
Exogenous TB skin infection (2)
When do they occur
Primary inoculation TB- Non immune
TB Verrucosa Cutis- Previously exposed patients
Endogenous TB skin
Orificial TB- small yellowish
Acute milliary- exanthem
Atypical mycobacteria infections (3)
Lesion
Treatment
M. Marinum- Crusted lesion. Clarithromycin
M. Ulcerans- Deep painess ulcer. Heat, surgey
M. Fortuitum Complex- Dark red nodules, abscess. Ciprofloxacin
Tuberculoid leprosy skin lesion
Treat with
Well defined hypopigmented macule/plaucqes with raised erythematous edges. Atrophy at the center
Painless
Dapsone
Lepromatous leprosy skin lesion
Skin thickenning Loss of eyebrows Nerve involvement Papules and nodules Erythema nodosum leprosum
Rifampin and Dapsoe
What causes cutaneous leishmania?
Leishmania tropica
What causes muco-cutaneous leishmania?
Leishmania Brazilensis
Ulceration
Cutaneous leishmania lesions
Single or multiple papules
Prurtitic sometimes
Stibogluconate
Amphotericin B
Benign lesions caused by HPV
Describe the lesion
Verruca vulgaris- Firm papule, Hyperkeratotic
Plantar warts- flat or papule/plaque
Condyloma acuminatum- 6,11,30
2 types of Verruca vulgaris
Filiform warts
Butcher warts
Treatment of benign HPV lesions
Salicylic acid
Cryosurgery with liquid nitrogen
Electrosurgery
CO2 laser surgery
Malignant lesions caused by HPV
Cervical carcinoma
SCC
Carcinoma in situ
Chicken pox lesions
pruritic vesicles pustules and crust
Complication of HSV
Erythema multiforme
Pitryasis versicolor treatment
Selenium sulfide
-azoles
Terbinafine
Dermatophytes common terms and how the lesion looks like
Ringworm- Patch with central clearing and scaling
Onychomycosis- Nail
Tinea-
Scabies causes
Infestation by mite of Sarcoptes scabiei
Two types of Scabies
Classic- Knots on a rope. Pruritic papules
Crusted- Norwegian!! Immunosupp. Scaling and crusting, fisuring
Scabies skin distribution
Webs of fingers
Axillae
Areola
Genitalia
Scabies treatment
Topical Permethrin
Ivermectin
Pompholyx is also called
Dyshidrotic eczema
Pompholyx symp.
Tiny blisters on fingrs and palms
Intense itching and burning
Cutaneous candidiasis
Intertrigo
Interdigital
Diaper
Follicular
Cutaneous candidiasis treatment
Wash with benzoyl peroxide Miconazole powder Castellani's paint Nystatin cream Azole cream
