Orthopedics Flashcards
Congenital Hip Dysplasia: presentation
RF: female, first born, breech
Age: Infants
h/p: found on screening during first few newborn exams
Congenital Hip Dysplasia: diagnosis
p/e: Ortolani & Barlow maneuver; “click” or “clunk” in hip
< 4 mos: do U/S
> 4 mos: Xray
Congenital Hip Dysplasia: treatment
Pavlic harness
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease: presentation
“idiopathic avascular necrosis of femoral epiphyses”
Age: 2-8 yo: avascular necrosis of femoral head
h/p: painful limp, thigh muscle atrophy, decreased hip ROM
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease: diagnosis
XR: joint effusion and widening, asymmetric hips
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease: treatment
Rest, NSAIDS; follow with surgery on both hips
-if one necroses, the other eventually will
Slipped capital femoral epiphyses: presentation
-displacement of femoral epiphyses
h/p: obese adolescents;
- painful limp
- externally rotated leg
Slipped capital femoral epiphyses: diagnosis
XR: widening of joint space
scoop of ice cream falling off cone
Slipped capital femoral epiphyses: treatment
Internal fixation with pinning
-promptly to reduce risk of AVN
Osgood Schlatter: defined
“Traction apophysitis of tibial tubercle”
- where patellar tendon inserts
Osgood Schlatter: presentation
-young, during pubertal growth spurt
h/p: anterior knee pain that worsens with activity;
pain & swelling
Osgood Schlatter: Tx
Stretching, NSAIDS; exercise;
-okay to maintain normal activity despite pain
