Orthopedic Pathology 6 Joint Pathologies 2

Question 0

Etiology of Osteoarthritis

Answer 0

Primary OA - Idiopathic

Secondary OA - to joint trauma, infection, hemarthrosis, osteonecrosis, etc

Question 1

Osteoarthritis

Answer 1

AKA degenerative joint disease (DJD), osteoarthrosis

• Chronic, degenerative condition that affects joints, specifically articular cartilage and subchondral bone
• Prevalence increases with age
• Most common joint disorder
• More common in later year

Question 2

Contributing factors of OA

Answer 2

Altered biomechanics - developmental deformities, Genu Valgum (medial) /varus (lateral)
Immobilization
Trauma
Pathology
Genetics - familial forms of some hand OA
Gender most commonly in women over age 50
Lifestyle - obesity (high correlation with knee OA and even hand OA)
Low vitamin D and Vitamin C intake are associated with increased risk of knee OK progression

Question 3

Pathology of OA

Answer 3

• OA can be defined as a gradual loss of articular cartilage, combined with thickening of the subchondral bone, bony outgrowths (osteophytes) at joint margins and mild chronic nonspecific synovial inflammation
• The difference between physiologic aging of the cartilage and OA cartilage is not clear however 3 states can be identified normal cartilage, aging cartilage, and OA cartilage