Orthopaedic Surgery

Question 1

Which side of the ankle is the deltoid ligament found?

Answer 1

Medial

Question 2

Which bones are at risk of AVN?

Answer 2

Hip
Lunate
Scaphoid
Talus

Question 3

What is a Monteggia’s fracture?

Answer 3

Dislocation of the proximal radioulnar joint with associated ulnar fracture

Question 4

What is a Galeazzi fracture?

Answer 4

Distal radius fracture with associated radiocarpal dislocation

Question 5

What is a Holstein Lewis fracture?

Answer 5

Distal third of humerus with entrapment of radial nerve

Question 6

What is the adult form of rickets?

Answer 6

Osteomalacia

Question 7

What is osteomalacia?

Answer 7

Normal bony tissue but decreased mineral content

Question 8

What causes osteomalacia?

Answer 8

Vitamin D deficiency

Question 9

What are the classical blood results for someone with osteomalacia?

Answer 9

Low calcium, phosphate and vitamin D
High alkaline phosphatase

Question 10

What drugs are used for osteoporosis in patients who cannot tolerate bisphosphonates?

Answer 10

Strontium ranelate
Raloxifene

Question 11

What is the MOA of raloxifene?

Answer 11

Selective oestrogen receptor modulator

Question 12

What is a Bartons fracture?

Answer 12

Colles/Smiths with associated radio-carpal dislocation

Question 13

What is a Bankart lesion?

Answer 13

A Bankart lesion is an injury of the anterior (inferior) glenoid labrum of the shoulder due to anterior shoulder dislocation. When this happens, a pocket at the front of the glenoid forms that allows the humeral head to dislocate into it.