Breast Flashcards
Which fibroadenomas should be biopsied and why?
> 4cm
To rule out phyllodes tumour
Which benign breast lesions show a ‘halo appearance’ on mammography?
Cysts
Which benign breast disease causes cheese like discharge and slit like retraction of the nipple?
Duct ectasia
Which breast cysts should be biopsied?
Blood stained aspiration
Persistently refilling after aspiration
Which benign breast diseases are associated with smokers?
Periductal mastitis
Duct ectasia
What is the most common type of breast cancer?
Ductal carcinoma
Which patients should get a mastectomy over WLE for breast cancer?
Multifocal disease
Central tumour
Large lesion in small breast
DCIS >4cm
Which factors make up the Nottingham Prognostic Index?
Tumour size
Lymph node score
Grade score
What are the complications of axillary node clearance?
Lymphoedema
Increased risk of cellulitis
Frozen shoulder
Which nerves are at risk in breast surgery?
Long thoracic - winging of scapula
Intercostobrachial - paresthesia in the armpit
Thoracodorsal trunk - unable to use latissimus dorsi flap for reconstruction
Mutations in which genes put someone at high risk of breast cancer?
p53
BRCA 1
BRCA 2
Which oestrogen drug is given to premenopausal women?
Tamoxifen
Which oestrogen drug is given to postmenopausal women?
Anastrazole
What is the MOA of tamoxifen?
Synthetic partial oestrogen agonist
Binds to oestrogen receptor
How does an intraductal papilloma present?
Clear or blood stained discharge
