Orthopaedic Injuries

Question 1

Name the 3 types of muscles and where they are found

Answer 1

Skeletal- striated
Smooth- tubes
Cardiac- heart

Question 2

Skeletal tissue is attached to bone by what? Auto or voluntary?

Answer 2

Attached by tendon

Voluntary muscles

Question 3

Definition of Fracture

Answer 3

Break in continuity of bone

Question 4

Fracture that breaks skin is known as what?

Answer 4

Open(Compound) Fracture

Question 5

What is the difference between displaced and non-displaced fracture?

Answer 5

Displaced = visual deformity
Non-displaced = simple crack, hairline

Question 6

Transverse Fracture

Answer 6

Straight across bone

Question 7

Incomplete Fracture

Answer 7

Not completely through bone

Question 8

Linear Fracture

Answer 8

Up and down bone shaft

Question 9

Comminuted Fracture

Answer 9

Broken in more than 2 fragments

Question 10

Epiphyseal Plate fracture

Answer 10

Growth plate on child’s bone

Question 11

Oblique Fracture

Answer 11

Angle break across bone

Question 12

Spiral Fracture

Answer 12

Break through and around, long spiral shape

Question 13

Greenstick Fracture

Answer 13

Bone isn’t completely fractured but splinters

Question 14

Pathological Fracture

Answer 14

Weakened diseased bone, doesn’t need a lot of pressure to break.

Question 15

Signs of a fracture

Answer 15

Crepitus(grinding), swelling, tenderness,locked joint and false motion(going wrong way)

Question 16

Definition of dislocation
Signs

Answer 16

Bone ends are no longer in contact

Can spontaneously reduce

Deformity, numbness, impaired circulation, loss of regular joint movement

Question 17

Definition of Sprain
Signs

Answer 17

Joint twisted/stretched beyond range of motion

Pain and swelling very prominent

Question 18

Definition of Strain
Signs

Answer 18

Stretching or muscle causing tearing

Can cause serious long term damage if not treated

No deformity, minimal swelling at sign of injury

Question 19

General principles of splinting

Answer 19

Remove clothing from extremity, Assess CMS, suspected fracture =stabilize below and above injured joint(complete immobilization)

Question 20

Fracture of long-bone shaft that causes deformity =

Answer 20

Constant, general manual traction to align limb

Question 21

If there is no pulse when checking a pulse of a fracture what should you do?

Answer 21

Try to align to get pulse back(two attempts) if it doesn’t work splint in place and rapid transport

Question 22

Olecranon process of ulna fracture occurs where?

Answer 22

Proximal Ulna(Tip of Elbow)

Question 23

Collie’s Fracture happens when?

Answer 23

Only the distal radius is broken

Question 24

Fracture of forearm which bones normally break?

Answer 24

Radius and ulna break at the same time normally

Question 25

Crushed pt. With distended neck veins and diminished breathing, what is the first thing you need to do to treat?

Answer 25

Maintain manual C-spine and manage Airway