Orthomyxoviridae Flashcards
- rod-shaped spikes which attach to sialic acid;
- 16 HA antigens
Hemagglutinin (HA)
- mushroom-shaped spikes which releases mature virions from infected host cells;
- 9 NA antigens.
Neuraminidase (NA)
- major genetic changes resulting to novel viral antigens;
- only Influenza A
Antigenic shift
H1N1
Spanish flu
H2N2
Asian flu
H3N2
Hongkong flu
Asian Avian flu (Highly pathogenic Avian Influenza)
H5N1
Asian (first reported in China)
H7N9
o Minor genetic changes that occur infrequently; occurs in all influenza types (A, B, C)
o Annual vaccination
Antigenic drift
Measles – Koplik’s spots in oral mucosa
Rubeola virus/measles
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
Rubula/mumps
PIV-1: croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)
PIV-3: bronchiolitis & pneumonia
Parainfluenza virus
Most significant cause of acute lower respiratory tract infx in children <5 y.o.
Respiratory Syncytial virus
Picornaviridae
refer to handout page 6
Major cause of common cold
Rhinovirus (acid- sensitive)
Responsible for the AIDS pandemic
HIV-1
Most common in West Africa
HIV-2
Isolated in patients with Hairy Cell Leukemia
Human T- Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV-1 & 2)
Rabies (Negri bodies – eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions in brain tissue)
Rabies virus
German measles/Three-Day Measles
- mild exanthematous disease
Rubivirus/Rubella
- Eastern, Western, Venezuelan equine encephalitis
- Humans are dead-end hosts
Alphavirus
Childhood Diseases Exhibiting Exanthema
o Measles
o German measles
o Scarlet fever
o Chicken pox
o 5th disease (Erythema infectiosum)
o 6th disease (Roseola)
Major cause of Viral Gastroenteritis in infants and children
Rotavirus
Major cause of Viral Gastroenteritis in infants and young adults
Adenovirus
