orthodics Flashcards
what are the 4 factors to consider when decision making with orthodics
1) advantages or desirable positive outcomes
2) disadvantages or concessions
3) indication on what orthotic would be the most useful
4) the circumstances or the characteristic of the individual
what are the 4 characteristic of a good orthotic
1) max stance stability
2) minimal abnormal alignment
3) minimal compromises in swing phase
4) maintains or reduces joint contractures
an orthodic should provide immediate change in gait or alignment
benefit of providing an orthodic for jt integrity
- provide lig support
- prevent unwanted movement
benefit of providing an orthodic for limb length
adjust the heel lift and normalize alignment
benefit of providing an orthodic for muscle performance
to assist with any muscular weakness
benefit of providing an orthodic for spasticity
reduce equines and PF
what is the benefit for providing an orthodic for sensory loss
- provide stability to the foot
ROM requirement for gait
1) neutral DF and PF
2) 5 degrees of DF
3) full knee extension
requirement for gait when there is muscular weakness
provide extra support in swing and stance phase
requirement for gait when their is sensation loss
- need an increase in tactile awareness
- loss of proprioception can lead to an increase in fall risk (add in higher medial to lateral trim lines)
what socks should be worn under an orthotic
athletic socks that cover the whole surface area under the orthodic.
areas to look for in skin check
1) malleolus
2) first ray
3) heel
4) edges of the orthodic
orthotic for drop foot in swing phase
leaf spring or hinged AFO
orthotic for ankle instability in stance phase
solid AFO or hinged AFO
orthotic for ankle PF weakness
solid or hinged AFO
orthotic for knee hyperextension
present ankle at neutral or slight DF.
types of AFOS
1) KAFO
2) SAFO
3) hinged AFO
4) anterior ground reaction AFO
5) leaf spring
6) DF assist
KAFO pt population (knee ankle orthosis)
SCI, muscular dystrophy, peds (spina bifida)
limided community or household ambulation
SAFO (solid AFO) advantages
1) resists PF in swing
2) supports heel
3) prevents eversion and inversion
SAFO (solid AFO) disadvantages
prevents tibial advancement (does not allow for the ankle rockers)
Hinged AFO advantages
1) allows for saggital plane motion and the ankle rocker
2) improves mobility for functional activities
3) allows for the ankle strategy thus improves balance
4) controls equinovarus (landing on the lateral side of the foot
5) can used a PF stop to control the degree of PF
Anterior Ground Reaction Force AFO pt population
pt with impaired motor control of the knee and weakness of the quads.
Anterior Ground Reaction Force AFO advantages
restricts anterior translation of the tibia in midstance thus creating an extensor moment to stabilize at the knee preventing knee flexion in stance
Anterior Ground Reaction Force AFO criteria for prescription
1) poor ankle support in stance
2) minimal DF during swing
3) knee flexion/collapse in midstance
