Neuroplastic principles Flashcards
what are the goals of neurorehab
1) compensation
2) recovery/restoration
what is compensation
learning new methods of preforming tasks to minimize the loss of motor function. EX: AFO, environmental adaptation
what is recovery and restoration
the regaining of lost motor skills
what are the types of neuroplasticity
1) experience expectant
2) experience induced
what is experience expectant
dependent upon genetics and development. EX: vision
what is experience induced
providing experiences needed to make neuroplastic changes. This is what we focus on in rehab
what is experence induced neuroplasticity dependent on
1) type of ex
2) diet
3) environment
4) stress
5) aging
6) neurotropic factor
7) brain receivers
what does experience induced neuroplasticity lead to
increased motor learning which leads to skilled motor activity which leads to skill adaptation
what is long term potentiation
persistent strengthening of synaptic connections occurring from high frequency presynaptic activity
what happens to to post synaptic receptors in long term potentiation
they increase in receptor numbers thus increasing the synaptic strength
benefits of aerobic and resistive exercise in memory
1) hippocampus neurogenesis
2) increased cerebral blood flow
pathological neuroplastic mechanisms that contibute to neural remodeling
1) modified gene expression
2) dendrite remodeling
3) myelin plasticity
4) cytogenesis
5) synaptic strengthening and LTP
6) increased circulating neurotrophins
motor learning impact on the cortex
1) increases dendritic spine density
2) increase survival of new spine
motor learning impact on the striatum/BG
1) increase cortico-striatal connectivity
2) increase responsiveness of synapses
what does learning a new skill (motor learning) do
increase the connection between the cortex and the BG/ striatum
what does strength training do
increases spinal motor neuron excitability by working at the AHC.
what can co-activation do
lead to a decrease in 1a transmittion thus working on the muscle spindle
what is multimodal stimulation
using 2 or more sensory inputs to target brain activity
multimodal stimulation has been shown to enhance
1) speed
2) detection
3) localization
4) reaction
what is the role of the superior colliculus
synthesises information from visual, auditory, and somatosensory to enhance the vigor of there responces.
what part of the brain does attention
frontal lobe
what part of the brain does motivation
BG
what part of the brain synthesises vision
occipital
in PD multimodel activites have been shown to improve
1) turning
2) festination
3) cog. tug time
