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PANCE Practice > Ortho- Shoulder > Flashcards

Ortho- Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

what is the blood supply to the deltoid

A

thoracoacromial artery and anterior and posterior humeral circumflex artery

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2
Q

what are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm

A
  1. biceps brachii
  2. coracobrachialis
  3. brachialis
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3
Q

presents with:

Shoulder pain/weakness over lateral deltoid exacerbated by overhead activities and at night

A

rotator cuff tear

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4
Q

what is the action of the deltoid

A

abduction
flexion
extension

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5
Q

what are the actions of the teres minor

A

lateral rotation

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6
Q

what nerve innervates the teres minor

A

axillary nerve(C5, C6)

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7
Q

what is the blood supply to the teres minor m.

A

subscapular and circumflex scapular artery

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8
Q

what nerve innervates the infraspinatus

A

suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)

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9
Q

what are the attachments of the trapezius

A

ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes (T1-T12)
to
lateral 1/3rd of clavicle, acromion and scapular spine

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10
Q

what nerve innervates the teres major m.

A

lower subscapular nerve (C6, C7)

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11
Q

what type of shoulder dislocations are there

A
  1. anterior (95-97%)
  2. posterior (2-4%)
  3. inferior (0-0.5%)
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12
Q

what does the axillary nerve innervate

A

deltoid, teres minor

*runs w/ posterior circumflex humeral artery

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13
Q

what 4 joints make up the shoulder?

A
  1. Glenohumeral joint - a shallow cavity (hole) in the scapula where the humerous sits.
  2. Acromioclavicular (AC) joint - between the clavicle and scapula.
  3. Sternoclavicular (SC) joint - between the clavicle and sternum (chest bone).
  4. Scapulothoracic joint - where the scapula meets the ribs at the back of the chest.
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14
Q

what is the function of the aconeus

A

extension of forearm

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15
Q

what is the blood supply of the trapezius

A

superficial branch of transverse cervical artery

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16
Q

what are the attachments of the deltoid

A 
clavicle
to
scapula
to
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
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17
Q

what are the actions of the trapezius

A

rotation, retraction, elevation and depression of scapula, shrug shoulders

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18
Q

what are rotator cuff muscles

A
  1. suprspinatus
  2. infraspinatus
  3. teres minor
  4. subscapularis
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19
Q

what is the triceps brachia innervated by

A

radial nerve

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20
Q

PE: prominence of posterior shoulder, holds arm ADDucted and INTERNALLY rotated

A

posterior shoulder dislocation

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21
Q

what do the anterior compartment muscles all have in common?

A
  • ALL innervated by musculocutanenous nerve
  • ALL supplied by muscular branch of brachial artery
  • ALL function of flexion of arm and/or forearm
22
Q

action of biceps brachii

A

flexion of arm and forearm

supination of forearm

23
Q

what are the attachments of the infraspinatus

A

infraspinatous fossa
to
greater tubercle

24
Q

most common complication of a shoulder dislocation

A

axillary nerve damage (runs inferiorly to humeral head and wraps around surgical neck of humerus)

*check sensation of “shoulder badge” and deltoid strength

25
Q

what are the attachments of the subscapularis

A

subscapular fossa
to
lesser tubercle

26
Q

MOI: blow to abducted externally rotated and extended arm

A

anterior shoulder dislocation

27
Q

what is the blood supply to the infraspinatus m.

A

suprascapular and circumflex scapular artery

28
Q

what are the attachments of the teres minor

A

middle 1/3rd of scapula
to
greater tubercle

29
Q

actions of coracobrachialis

A

flexion

adduction of arm

30
Q

what are the actions of teres major

A

extension, adduction, medial rotation

31
Q

action of triceps brachia

A

extension of arm (long head)

extension of forearm (long, lateral, and medial heads)

32
Q

what are the actions of the infraspinatus

A

lateral rotation

33
Q

actions of brachialis

A

flexion of arm

34
Q

PE: slightly ABDucted and EXTERNALLY rotated

A

anterior shoulder dislocation

35
Q

what tests assess rotator cuff tear

A
  1. Active painful arc test- pain with abducting arm to side around horizontal
  2. Neer Test- examiner stabilizes scapula while forcing arm into maximal elevation
  3. Hawkins-Kennedy test- Tests subacromial impingement
  4. Drop arm test (failure to smoothly control shoulder adduction)-Supraspinatus test
    • Raise arms to side as high as possible and then lower arms to 90 degrees (arm will drop)
    • Weakness in external rotation
36
Q

what is the antagonist m. to the deltoid

A

latissmus dorsi

37
Q

what is the blood supply to the subscapularis m.

A

subscapular artery

38
Q

what nerve innervates the trapezius

A

Accessory nerve (motor), cervical spine (motor and sensation)

39
Q

what nerve innervates the subscapularis

A

subscapular nerve (C5, C6)

40
Q

what is the aconeus innervated by

A

radial artery

41
Q

what is the blood supply of the teres major

A

subscapular and circumflex scapular arteries

42
Q

MOI: blow to the anterior portion of the shoulder, axial loading of an adducted and internally rotated arm, seizure convulsion

A

posterior shoulder dislocation

43
Q

what are the attachments of the teres major m.

A

medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

44
Q

what are the attachments of the supraspinatus

A

-supraspinatous fossa (superior to scapula)
to
-greater tubercle of humerus

45
Q

what ligaments stabilize the GH joint

A
  • Anterior: GH ligament (superior, middle, inferior)
  • Superiorly: coacoacromial ligament and coracohumeral ligament
  • Posterioinferiorly: No lig!- joint capsule only

*Labrum: fibrocartilage attached to the rim of the shoulder socker

46
Q

what nerve innervates the deltoid

A

axillary nerve

47
Q

what is the blood supply to the supraspinatus

A

suprascapular and circumflex scapular artery

48
Q

what nerve innervates the supraspinatus

A

suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)

49
Q

what imaging could assess a rotator cuff tear

A
  • plain radiograph

- MRI**

50
Q

what are the actions of the subscapularis

A

medial rotation

51
Q

MOI: axial loading w/ the arm fully abducted for forecul hyperabduction

A

inferior shoulder dislocation

52
Q

what are the actions of the supraspinatus

A

abduction and lateral rotation

PANCE Practice (26 decks)

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