Ortho/Prosthe Flashcards
1
Q
Product or device that supports a body part or joint
A
Orthosis
2
Q
What does Orthosis provide to a patient?
A
Support
Stability
Positioning
Protection
3
Q
Orthosis serves as substitute for:
A
Weak or absent muscles
4
Q
What are the functions of an orthosis?
A
Protect damaged or diseased segments by limiting load or motion
Prevention of deformity
Correction of contracture
Attachment of other assistive devices
5
Q
It replaces a body part and is custom fabricated.
A
Prosthetics
6
Q
When should adjustments be made for prosthetics?
A
Adjustments and realignment should be done on a regular basis
7
Q
UE orthoses
A
Finger
Hand
Wrist-hand
Wrist
Elbow
Elbow-Wrist-Hand
Shoulder
8
Q
Spinal Orthoses
A
Cervical-Thoracic-Lumbosacral
Cervical
Thoracic-Lumbosacral
Lumbosacral
SI
9
Q
LE Orthoses
A
Foot
Knee
Ankle-foot
Knee-ankle-foot
Hip-knee-ankle
10
Q
HO
A
Hand Orthosis
11
Q
EO
A
Elbow Orthosis
12
Q
FO
A
Finger Orthosis
13
Q
WHO
A
Wrist Hand Orthosis
14
Q
WO
A
Wrist Orthosis
15
Q
SO
A
Shoulder Orthosis
16
Q
EWHO
A
Elbow-Wrist-Hand Orthosis
17
Q
CO
A
Cervical Orthosis
18
Q
LSO
A
Lumbosacral Orthosis
19
Q
SIO
A
Sacroiliac Orthosis
20
Q
CTLSO
A
Cervical-Thoracic-Lumbosacral Orthosis
21
Q
TLSO
A
Thoracic-Lumbosacral Orthosis
22
Q
HKAFO
A
Hip-knee-ankle-foot Orthosis
23
Q
KAFO
A
Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis
24
Q
KO
A
Knee Orthosis
25
KAFO
Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis
26
FO
Foot Orthosis
27
Specifications for Ideal Ortho/Posthe
Function
Comfort
Cosmesis
Fabrication
Economics
28
What is taken into account during fitting for Ortho/Prosthe?
Functional goals of each pt.
29
Factors used to determine which type of orthosis
Weight
Age
Activity level
Agility
Prognosis
30
Factors used to determine what material to be used
Body weight
Activity Level
Amount of Rigidity needed
Flexibility
Energy storing properties
Amount of cushion needed
Pt strength
31
Important characteristics of prosthetic and orthotic materials:
Strength
Stiffness
Durability
Density
Corrosion Resistance
Ease of Fabrication
32
Materials used for Ortho/Prosthe
Metal
Plastic
Carbon Fiber
33
Used for traditional orthosis
Metal
34
Two types of metal used for ortho and prosthe
Aluminum
Stainless steel
35
Formed from a single piece of thermoplastic
Plastic
36
What are the two components of a plastic
polypropylene
polyethylene
37
Commonly used in custom and prefabricated orthoses
Carbon fiber
38
What are the pros of using carbon fiber?
Strong
Flexible
Weight and Energy storing properties
39
What are the roles of PTs in Ortho/Prosthe?
Identify the functional problems of the pt.
Identify orthotic needs
Prescribe orthoses according to pt's problems
Educate the pt to don and doff the orthoses
Train for proper use
40
What are the functions of Orthosis? (2)
Stabilizes unstable body segments
Assists weak ms
Stops undesired motions
41
What does an orthotist do?
Healthcare profession that designs/modifies the orthotics for the pt.
Adjusts the device
42
What is the primary purpose of all upper limb orthoses?
Substitute weak/absent ms
Protect, damaged, or diseased segments by limiting load
Prevention of deformity
Correction of contracture
Attachment of other AD.
43
Anchor does not limit or assist motion
3-point control concept
44
Biomechanical Principles
Three-point control concept
Tissue tolerance to compression and shear forces
The biomechanics of levers and forces
Selection of materials
45
Biomechanism of the levers and forces
The farther the fulcrum from the end, the lesser the pressure on the segment
46
How much pressure can be tolerated for 2-4 hours continuously?
100-300 mmHg
47
How much pressure can be tolerated for 12 hours continuously?
20-50 mmHg
48
What are the types of Orthoses?
Static
Dynamic
Hybrid
49
What are the types of UE Orthoses?
Non-articular
Static
Serial Static
Static motion-blocking
Static progressive
Dynamic
Dynamic motion-blocking
50
Provides support to a body part and does not cross any joint
Non-articular
51
Provides static support to hold a joint or joints stationary.
Static
52
Non-articular orthosis used for a humeral fracture
Sarmiento brace
53
Non-articular orthosis used for Wrist/Radial fracture
Sugar tong splint
54
Static but is periodically changed to alter the joint angle at which the splint is positioned
Serial static
55
What joints should be mobilized ASAP?
IP and MCP joints
56
Why must IP and MCP joints be mobilized ASAP?
To prevent contracture or possible adhesions to the tendons
57
How should the thumb be immobilized?
It must be immobilized in opposite to the fingers in palmar abduction
58
Characteristics of a static orthosis
Has no movable joints
Allows active joint movement in one motion
Block motion in another direction
59
Characteristics of a dynamic orthosis
Has movable joints that can limit motion
Increases motion through traction
Substitute for weak muscles`
60
Characteristics of a hybrid orthosis
incorporates the features of both static and dynamic orthosis
61
What does serial static orthosis provide to the affected structures?
A prolonged, gentle stretch
62
What does static motion blocking do?
Allows motion in one direction but blocks motion in another
63
Static motion-blocking orthosis is commonly used in what deformity?
Swan neck
64
An orthosis that allows flexion but blocks the extension of the PIP
Swan neck splint
65
Provides an elastic force to regain motion
Static progressive
66
What is the distinguishing characteristic of static progressive?
It is not remodeled and already has adjustable parts
67
Provides elastic force
Dynamic
68
What is the use of the spring in a Capener splint?
Increases PIP joint extension to prevent mild contracture
69
Utilizes a passive, elastic line of pull in the desired direction but permits active motion in the
opposite direction
Dynamic motion blocking
70
An example of a dynamic motion blocking orthosis
Kleinert splint
71
When is Kleinert splint used?
Post-op
72
What is the function of a Kleinert splint?
Used for flexion tendon repairs
Will not allow full extension of wrist and MCP
