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Assistive Technologies > Ortho/Prosthe > Flashcards

Ortho/Prosthe Flashcards

1
Q

Product or device that supports a body part or joint

A

Orthosis

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2
Q

What does Orthosis provide to a patient?

A

Support
Stability
Positioning
Protection

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3
Q

Orthosis serves as substitute for:

A

Weak or absent muscles

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4
Q

What are the functions of an orthosis?

A

Protect damaged or diseased segments by limiting load or motion
Prevention of deformity
Correction of contracture
Attachment of other assistive devices

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5
Q

It replaces a body part and is custom fabricated.

A

Prosthetics

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6
Q

When should adjustments be made for prosthetics?

A

Adjustments and realignment should be done on a regular basis

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7
Q

UE orthoses

A

Finger
Hand
Wrist-hand
Wrist
Elbow
Elbow-Wrist-Hand
Shoulder

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8
Q

Spinal Orthoses

A

Cervical-Thoracic-Lumbosacral
Cervical
Thoracic-Lumbosacral
Lumbosacral
SI

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9
Q

LE Orthoses

A

Foot
Knee
Ankle-foot
Knee-ankle-foot
Hip-knee-ankle

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10
Q

HO

A

Hand Orthosis

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11
Q

EO

A

Elbow Orthosis

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12
Q

FO

A

Finger Orthosis

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13
Q

WHO

A

Wrist Hand Orthosis

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14
Q

WO

A

Wrist Orthosis

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15
Q

SO

A

Shoulder Orthosis

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16
Q

EWHO

A

Elbow-Wrist-Hand Orthosis

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17
Q

CO

A

Cervical Orthosis

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18
Q

LSO

A

Lumbosacral Orthosis

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19
Q

SIO

A

Sacroiliac Orthosis

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20
Q

CTLSO

A

Cervical-Thoracic-Lumbosacral Orthosis

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21
Q

TLSO

A

Thoracic-Lumbosacral Orthosis

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22
Q

HKAFO

A

Hip-knee-ankle-foot Orthosis

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23
Q

KAFO

A

Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis

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24
Q

KO

A

Knee Orthosis

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25
Q

KAFO

A

Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis

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26
Q

FO

A

Foot Orthosis

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27
Q

Specifications for Ideal Ortho/Posthe

A

Function
Comfort
Cosmesis
Fabrication
Economics

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28
Q

What is taken into account during fitting for Ortho/Prosthe?

A

Functional goals of each pt.

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29
Q

Factors used to determine which type of orthosis

A

Weight
Age
Activity level
Agility
Prognosis

30
Q

Factors used to determine what material to be used

A

Body weight
Activity Level
Amount of Rigidity needed
Flexibility
Energy storing properties
Amount of cushion needed
Pt strength

31
Q

Important characteristics of prosthetic and orthotic materials:

A

Strength
Stiffness
Durability
Density
Corrosion Resistance
Ease of Fabrication

32
Q

Materials used for Ortho/Prosthe

A

Metal
Plastic
Carbon Fiber

33
Q

Used for traditional orthosis

A

Metal

34
Q

Two types of metal used for ortho and prosthe

A

Aluminum
Stainless steel

35
Q

Formed from a single piece of thermoplastic

A

Plastic

36
Q

What are the two components of a plastic

A

polypropylene
polyethylene

37
Q

Commonly used in custom and prefabricated orthoses

A

Carbon fiber

38
Q

What are the pros of using carbon fiber?

A

Strong
Flexible
Weight and Energy storing properties

39
Q

What are the roles of PTs in Ortho/Prosthe?

A

Identify the functional problems of the pt.
Identify orthotic needs
Prescribe orthoses according to pt’s problems
Educate the pt to don and doff the orthoses
Train for proper use

40
Q

What are the functions of Orthosis? (2)

A

Stabilizes unstable body segments
Assists weak ms
Stops undesired motions

41
Q

What does an orthotist do?

A

Healthcare profession that designs/modifies the orthotics for the pt.
Adjusts the device

42
Q

What is the primary purpose of all upper limb orthoses?

A

Substitute weak/absent ms
Protect, damaged, or diseased segments by limiting load
Prevention of deformity
Correction of contracture
Attachment of other AD.

43
Q

Anchor does not limit or assist motion

A

3-point control concept

44
Q

Biomechanical Principles

A

Three-point control concept
Tissue tolerance to compression and shear forces
The biomechanics of levers and forces
Selection of materials

45
Q

Biomechanism of the levers and forces

A

The farther the fulcrum from the end, the lesser the pressure on the segment

46
Q

How much pressure can be tolerated for 2-4 hours continuously?

A

100-300 mmHg

47
Q

How much pressure can be tolerated for 12 hours continuously?

A

20-50 mmHg

48
Q

What are the types of Orthoses?

A

Static
Dynamic
Hybrid

49
Q

What are the types of UE Orthoses?

A

Non-articular
Static
Serial Static
Static motion-blocking
Static progressive
Dynamic
Dynamic motion-blocking

50
Q

Provides support to a body part and does not cross any joint

A

Non-articular

51
Q

Provides static support to hold a joint or joints stationary.

A

Static

52
Q

Non-articular orthosis used for a humeral fracture

A

Sarmiento brace

53
Q

Non-articular orthosis used for Wrist/Radial fracture

A

Sugar tong splint

54
Q

Static but is periodically changed to alter the joint angle at which the splint is positioned

A

Serial static

55
Q

What joints should be mobilized ASAP?

A

IP and MCP joints

56
Q

Why must IP and MCP joints be mobilized ASAP?

A

To prevent contracture or possible adhesions to the tendons

57
Q

How should the thumb be immobilized?

A

It must be immobilized in opposite to the fingers in palmar abduction

58
Q

Characteristics of a static orthosis

A

Has no movable joints
Allows active joint movement in one motion
Block motion in another direction

59
Q

Characteristics of a dynamic orthosis

A

Has movable joints that can limit motion
Increases motion through traction
Substitute for weak muscles`

60
Q

Characteristics of a hybrid orthosis

A

incorporates the features of both static and dynamic orthosis

61
Q

What does serial static orthosis provide to the affected structures?

A

A prolonged, gentle stretch

62
Q

What does static motion blocking do?

A

Allows motion in one direction but blocks motion in another

63
Q

Static motion-blocking orthosis is commonly used in what deformity?

A

Swan neck

64
Q

An orthosis that allows flexion but blocks the extension of the PIP

A

Swan neck splint

65
Q

Provides an elastic force to regain motion

A

Static progressive

66
Q

What is the distinguishing characteristic of static progressive?

A

It is not remodeled and already has adjustable parts

67
Q

Provides elastic force

A

Dynamic

68
Q

What is the use of the spring in a Capener splint?

A

Increases PIP joint extension to prevent mild contracture

69
Q

Utilizes a passive, elastic line of pull in the desired direction but permits active motion in the
opposite direction

A

Dynamic motion blocking

70
Q

An example of a dynamic motion blocking orthosis

A

Kleinert splint

71
Q

When is Kleinert splint used?

A

Post-op

72
Q

What is the function of a Kleinert splint?

A

Used for flexion tendon repairs
Will not allow full extension of wrist and MCP

Assistive Technologies (8 decks)

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