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Summer 2014 > Ortho Intro > Flashcards

Ortho Intro Flashcards

0
Q

Range for reflex testing

A

0-4+

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1
Q

Dimensions of the symptom

A 
Onset
Provocation
Quality
Radiation
Severity
Timing
has this happened to U before
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2
Q

question for objective weakness

A

what specifically can you no longer do?

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3
Q

Normal for reflex testing

A

2

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4
Q

DNVS

A

distal neurovascular status, mothafucka

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5
Q

Inspection starts. . .

A

when the patient doesn’t know you’re looking

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6
Q

two types of node found in osteoarthritis

A

Heberden’s nodes, Bouchard’s nodes

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7
Q

Heberden’s nodes

A

distal interphalangeal joint

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8
Q

Bouchard’s nodes

A

Proximal interphalangeal joint

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9
Q

Ottawa ankle rules

A

Pain in Malleolus and (bone tenderness along the distal 6 cm of either long bone) or (inability to bear weight both immediately and in the ED for four steps)

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10
Q

measuring for limb length discrepancy

A

ASIS to medial malleolus

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11
Q

measure leg circumference at

A

tibial tubercle

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12
Q

grades of muscle strength

A 
1-(Trace) Evidence of contraction
2-(Poor) FROM with gravity eliminated
3-(Fair) FROM vs gravity, no resistance
4-(Good)  FROM vs gravity, moderate resistance
5-(Normal)  FROM vs. max resistance
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13
Q

Reflex grades

A 
0 - No response
1+ diminished
2+ normal
3+ brisker than normal
4+ extremely brisk, hyperactive
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14
Q

When checking patellar reflex. . .

A

cup the patella

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15
Q

two objective tests for DNVS

A

two-point, pointy or dull

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16
Q

Inversion ankle sprain ligaments

A

ATF, CF

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17
Q

eversion ankle sprain ligament

A

Deltoid Ligament

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18
Q

Tendonitis H+P

A

overuse, trauma

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19
Q

bursitis hpe

A

strenuous activity, heavy lifting

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20
Q

first recommendation for tendonitis

A

Quit doing what you’re doing.

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21
Q

fibrous joints

A

little or no movement, cranial sutures, tooth to mandible, radius to ulna

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22
Q

cartilagenous joints

A

slight movement, pubic symphysis

23
Q

Synarthroses

A

aka fibrous joints, sutures in skull

24
Q

amphiarthroses

A

aka cartilagenous, symphysis pubis, ribs to sternum, intervertebral disks

25
Q

Diarthrosis

A

synovial joints, freely movable, what you think of when you think of joints

26
Q

6 types of synovial joints

A 
plane (spine)
Saddle (wrist)
hinge (elbow)
pivot (radioulnar)
Ball and socket (shoulder)
Ellipsoid (atlas)
27
Q

big concern of open fractures

A

infection or osteomyelitis

28
Q

Simple vs complex fracture

A

two fragments vs lotsa fragments

29
Q

3 paths of fracture line

A

transverse, oblique, spiral

30
Q

greenstick

A

cortex broken on only one side

31
Q

torus fracture

A

buckled cortex, difficult to see

32
Q

complex fracture aka

A

comminuted

33
Q

comminuted fracture

A

aka complex, lots of broken pieces

34
Q

spiral fractures concern you for

A

child abuse

35
Q

angulation

A

refers to degree of angular deformity in fx

36
Q

displacement

A

need multiple views

37
Q

distraction in fx

A

separation of fragments that have been pulled apart

38
Q

impaction

A

fragments smooshed together

39
Q

foreshortening

A

fragments override each other

40
Q

stress fracture

A

summation of microfractures from repeated trauma, athletes

41
Q

insufficiency fracture

A

osteoporotic bone fractured by normal stress

42
Q

pathologic fracture

A

like insufficiency, but think benign or malignant pathology

43
Q

Salter-Harris fracture

A

involves open growth plate

44
Q

Avulsion fracture

A

bony fragment produced by the pull of a ligamentous or tendonous attachment

45
Q

Salter-Harris I

A

Straight across (but near physis)

46
Q

Salter-Harris II

A

Above physis

47
Q

Salter-Harris III

A

Lower, or beLow physis

48
Q

Salter-Harris IV

A

Two or Through

49
Q

Salter-Harris V

A

ERasure of growth plate, or cRush

50
Q

Peterson classification of physeal fractures

A

goes to 6, similar-ish to Salter-Harris

51
Q

3 bad types of fracture healing

A

Delayed union
non-union
malunion

52
Q

periosteal callus

A

aka bony callus, a consequence of malunion

53
Q

subluxation

A

incomplete loss of contact between articular surfaces

54
Q

dislocation

A

a complete loss of contact between articular surfaces

Summer 2014 (11 decks)

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