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Summer 2014 > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

0
Q

ectoderm grows into

A

skin and nerves

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1
Q

average weight of skin

A

4kg

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2
Q

this skin layer protects a fetus from maceration

A

periderm

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3
Q

desquamated cells of periderm form part of this white greasy substance

A

vernix caseosa

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4
Q

purpose of vernix caseosa

A

protection of fetus from maceration in all those juices

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5
Q

at 10 weeks, a fetus has

A

fingernails and toenails on fingers and toes (respectively)

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6
Q

at 11 weeks, a fetus’ skin develops

A

melanoblasts, collagen and elastin

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7
Q

at 12 weeks, a fetus’ melanocytes. . .

A

migrate to hair buds

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8
Q

by the end of the first trimester

A

the majority of vascular organization is established

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9
Q

by 17 weeks, a fetus’

A

epidermal ridges (fingerprints and such) are permanently established

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10
Q

by 20 weeks, a fetus’ skin has developed

A

sweat glands

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11
Q

lanugo hairs

A

help hold vernix caseosa on fetal skin

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12
Q

vellus hairs

A

coarser than, and replace lanugo hairs

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13
Q

at puberty, axillary and pubic regions. . .

A

coarse terminal hairs

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14
Q

at 21 weeks

A

replacement of periderm stops, giving rise to stratum corneum

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15
Q

at 23 to 28 weeks

A

neural crest cells migrate into mesenchyme and differentiate into melanoblasts

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16
Q

4 components of skin

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Skin Appendages
Subcutaneous Fat

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17
Q

list layers of epidermis from deepest to surface

A

Stratum Basale
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Corneum

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18
Q

Purpose of Stratum Basale

A

Cell division and differentiation

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19
Q

Keratinocyte AKA

A

Corneocytes

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20
Q

The stratum ________ is a barrier for entry

A

corneum

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21
Q

Time from basal layer to granular layer

A

2 weeks

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22
Q

Time from granular layer to desquamation

A

2 weeks

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23
Q

cells divide in

A

basal layer

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24
Q

4 types of cells in epidermis

A

Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Langerhans cells
Merkel cells

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25
Q

Stratum Corneum AKA

A

Horny Layer

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26
Q

Stratum Granulosum AKA

A

Granular Layer

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27
Q

Stratum Spinosum AKA

A

prickle cell layer

28
Q

Stratum Basale AKA

A

Basal Cell Layer

29
Q

Diseases from keratinocytes

A

squamous cell and basal cell carcinomas

30
Q

Melanocytes gone bad

A

melanoma

31
Q

langerhans cells serve in

A

immunity

32
Q

Merkel cells are ______ for _______

A

Merkel cells are transducers for fine touch

33
Q

3 layers of basement membrane

A

Lamina Lucida
Basal Lamina
Anchoring Fibrils

34
Q

too much friction on basement membrane causes

A

blisters

35
Q

Dermis contains

A

Collagen
Elastin
Extra fibrillar matrix

36
Q

skin appendages

A 
eccrine sweat glands
Aprocrine sweat glands
hair follicles
sebaceous glands
nails
37
Q

eccerine sweat glands

A

coiled tubule deep in dermis, like little kidneys, go from isotonic to hypotonic due to ductal reabsorption

38
Q

apocrine sweat glands, define and where?

A

make you stink, pheromones, useless-ish, only in the danger zones

39
Q

where are there no hair follicles

A

palms and soles, and some parts of my junk

40
Q

Anagen phase of hair growth

A

growth phase

41
Q

Rate during anagen phase

A

1 cm per month

42
Q

% of scalp hairs in anagen

A

80-90

43
Q

catagen phase of hair growth

A

resting phase

44
Q

catagen phase lasts

A

3-4 weeks

45
Q

preggers hang out in this hair phase

A

catagen

46
Q

duration of anagen phase for scalp / eyebrows

A

3-7 years / 4 months

47
Q

telogen phase of hair growth

A

shedding phase

48
Q

notable characteristic of hairs in telogen phase

A

short club root

49
Q

Number of scalp hairs shed in telogen phase / day

A

50-100

50
Q

% of scalp hairs in telogen

A

10-20

51
Q

% scalp hairs in catagen

A

1

52
Q

Ten Functions of skin

A

barrier, injury protection, prevent dehydration, shield UV, regulate temp, grip surface, sensory organ, immune surveillance, vitamin D production, makes us look pretty

53
Q

4 questions to start a derm exam with

A

how long?
Where?
Does it itch?
How have you treated it?

54
Q

Itchy, think

A

histamine

55
Q

burny, think

A

nerve

56
Q

big severity question

A

does it keep you awake at night?

57
Q

Three factors of good derm physical

A

Undress completely, good lighting, look everywhere

58
Q

list topical preparations

A 
Gels
Cream
Lotion
Ointments
Pastes and Powders
Dressings
59
Q

creams can be good for

A

drying out

60
Q

ointments help to

A

Hydrate

61
Q

how to potentate an ointment

A

occlude

62
Q

adverse effects of topical steroids

A

skin atrophy

papular or perioral dermatitis

63
Q

avoid high potency steroids on

A

genital or face

64
Q

List melanoma types

A 
SNALL
Superficial spreading
Nodular
Acral lentiginous
Lentigo maligna
65
Q

Most common melanoma

A

Superficial spreading

66
Q

Melanoma signs

A 
ABCD(E)
Asymetry
Border irregularity
Color variation
Diameter >6mm
Elevation
67
Q

Where am I likely to find acral lentiginous melanoma

A

Palms, soles and distal fingers and toes

Summer 2014 (11 decks)

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