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Ortho DX > Ortho Final > Flashcards

Ortho Final Flashcards

1
Q

Which bones fuse to make up the innominate?

A

Isium
ilium
pubis
-all fused at the acetabulum

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2
Q

What type of cartilage forms the iliac joint surfaces?

A

The fibrocartilage

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3
Q

What type of cartilage forms the sacral joint surface?

A

hyline cartilage

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4
Q

What type of joint is the SI joint

A

Synovial (diarthrosis)

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5
Q

Which is thicker in the SI joint, the hyline cartilage or the fibrocartilage? By how much?

A 
hyaline cartilage (3-5x thicker than the
fibrocartilage)
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6
Q

What are some differences between a gynecoid and android pelvis?

A

Gynecoid (female):

Android (male):

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7
Q

Where does the anterior SI ligament run?

A

between the anterior and inferior borders of the iliac auricular surface, and the anterior border of the sacral auricular surface

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8
Q

What forms the anterior SI ligament?

A

It is a thickening of the anterior inferior portion of the fibrous capsule in the SI joint.

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9
Q

Where is the interossious SI ligament located?

A

Deep to the dorsal SI ligament

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10
Q

Which is the weakest of the SI ligaments?

A

The Anterior SI ligament?

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11
Q

Which SI ligament forms the major connection between the sacrum and the innominate.

A

The interosseous ligament - It fills the space posterior-superior to the joint between the lateral sacral crest, and the iliac tuberosity

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12
Q

What is the AKA for the long ligament?

A

The dorsal SI ligament

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13
Q

What does the dorsal SI ligament fill in?

A

the PSIS (and a small part of the iliac crest) with the lateral crest of the S3 + S4

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14
Q

Describe the motion of the sacrum in nutation vs counter nutation.

A

Nutation: the anterior movement of the base of the sacrum
Counternutation: the posterior movement of the base of the scarcum

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15
Q

How does the movement of the sacrum effect the Dorsal DI Ligament?

A

In Nutation the Dorsal SI ligament slackens

in counternucation the dorsal SI ligament is pulled taught

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16
Q

Where does the sacospinous ligament attach?

A

PSIS
Lateral Sacrum
Dorsal SI ligament

17
Q

True or false: the sacrotuberous ligament is deep to the sacrospinous ligament.

A

SO FALSE

the sacrospinous ligament is deep to the sacrotuberous

18
Q

What motions does the sacrospinous ligament limit?

A

Nutation

Limits/supports the apex of sacrum during weight bearing motions (counteracts dorsal and cranial margination)

19
Q

What muscular tendon is associated with the sacrotuberous ligament?

A

Biceps femorious tendon

20
Q

Where does the sacrotuberous ligament run?

A

isical tuberousity to the ilium sacrum and cocxyx

21
Q

What motion do the sacrotuberous ligament limit?

A

Nutation

22
Q

Which ligaments in the sacrum limit nutation?

A

Sacrotuberous

Sacrospinous

23
Q

True or false: the pubic symphsis contains synovial fluid.

A

Nope. Thats why it is a symphsis. No synovium. Instead it has a fibrocartilage disc.

24
Q

What type of cartilage is assocaiated with the pubic symphsis?

A 
Hyplin catilage lines each pubis
the bones (and hyline) are seperated by a fibrocartilage disc.
25
Q

How many muscles attach to the Sacrum or the Innominate?

A

35

26
Q

What is the funtion of the muscles that attach to the sacrum and the innominate?

A

Primarily stabilization

27
Q

piriformis: OINAB

A 
O: Anterior Sacrum
I: the medial greater trocanter
N: Nerver to piriformis (from s1s2)
A: primary external rotation and thigh ABduction. Also possible internal rotation if hip flexed beyond 90. Restricts SI joint motion
B: superior and inferior gluteal artery
28
Q

What does the pisifrom pass though to make it to the femer?

A

The greater sciatic foramen

29
Q

What muscles are considered the “pelvic floor?”

A 
Levator Ani Group:
made up of
1. pubococcygeus
2. puborectalis 
3. iliococcygeus
30
Q

What is the funtion of the levator ani group?

A
  1. increase intra-abdominal pressure
  2. provide rectal support during defecation
  3. inhibit bladder activity
  4. help to support the pelvic organs
  5. assist in lumbopelvic stability
31
Q

Which nerve roots supply the anterior SI joint?

A

POSTERIOR rami of L2-S2
That being said specifics are highly varriable, so tracing nerve roots to pain is tricky as it will be different from person to person

(or in her words: Contribution from these root levels is highly variable and may differ among the joints of given individuals, because of this a very diffuse pattern of pain referral can come from this area)

32
Q

According to the osteopathic model, how does the SI joint move?

A

The sacrum rotates around two oblique axes

The innominates are capable of rotating anteriorly and posterior

33
Q

Accoding to the chiropratic model, how doe the SI joint move?

A

when one hip flexes it will move posterior and inferior and the sacral base on that side will anterior and inferior

AT THE SAME TIME: the other innominate extends (AS) and the sacral base it is connected to will move posterior and Superior.

34
Q

How does the biomechanical model explain the movement of the SI joint?

A

Similar to the DCs –> but flip your view point. SO (in Capsian language):

The sacrum nutates (moves anterior) a linear glide occurs between the two L-shaped articular surfaces of the sacroiliac joint.
• The shorter of the two lengths, level with S 1,
lies in a vertical plane
• The longer length, spanning S 2-4, lies in an A-P
plane

35
Q

If your patient has SI dysfuntion, where would you expect them to experience pain in a SLR?

A

At the end range or motion or the very very begining

36
Q

What movements might be a problem if a paitent has SI dysftuntion?

A 
Extention
Lateral Flexion
Standing from seated 
Standing/Hopping on the involved leg.
Patient awoken from pain when trying to turn over

Ortho DX (16 decks)

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