Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

My BDS4 > Ortho - CL(P) > Flashcards

Ortho - CL(P) Flashcards

1
Q

At what stage in utero does the palate begin to form?

A

6-10 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where are the palatal shelves formed from?

A

the 2 maxillary prominences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what pharyngeal arch are the palatal shelves/maxillary prominences formed from?

A

1st

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what forms the primitive premaxilla/the primary palate?

A

the inferior extension of the of the medial nasal processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what forms the secondary palate?

A

the 2 palatal shelves from the maxillary processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

at what week in utero does the primary ad secondary palates fuse?

A

week 9
- by week 10 the nasal cavity and oral cavity are separate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What causes cleft lip?

A

failure of the maxillary prominence to fuse with the medial nasal process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

on what side and i what sex is cleft lip most commonly found?

A

LHS

MALE - 3 males: 1 female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What causes cleft palate?

A

failure of the 2 palatal shelves to fuse In the midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What sex is most likely to have cleft lip in isolation and why?

A

Isolated cleft palate more common in females this is suggested to be caused by the later elevation of the palatal shelf (M = week 7, F = week 8)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do we classify Cleft lip and palate?
Describe how this classification system is used.

A

LAHSHAL classification:
Designate a letter for every structure the cleft goes through;
L = lip
A =alveolus
H = hard palate
S = Soft palate

Small letter instead of capital = not complete deformity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What percentage of clefts lip and palates are unilateral?

What percentage of clefts lip and palates are bilateral?

A

80% - unilateral

20% bilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How common is CL(P)?

A

1:700 live births

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the main cause of CL(P)?

A

70% sporadic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

List genetic causes of CL(P). (5)

A
  • Syndromes
  • Family history (if u have a child with a cleft = 5% chance of another child with cleft)
  • Sex ration
  • Laterality: more common on the left
  • Ethnic distribution
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

List environmental causes of CL(P). (5)

A

3 main:
- Social deprivation: poor
- Smoking
- Alcohol excessively

  • Anti-epileptics
  • Multivitamins (vitamin A analogues)
17
Q

what problems are associated with CL(P)? (6)

A
  • Aesthetics
  • Speech: Esp with palate involvement = hypernasal voice - air goes through the nose when speaking
  • Dental
  • Heading / airway
  • Others e.g. cardiac abnormalities
  • Suckling problems (nurses show parents how to combat this with a soft bottle)
18
Q

How would you describe the way in which those with a cleft palate sound when talking, what causes this?

A

hypernasal voice - air goes through the nose when speaking

19
Q

The cleft team is a multidisciplinary team, what disciplines are involved? (9)

A
  • cleft nurse: will see parents within 24 hours
  • surgeon
  • speech therapist: to assess speech progression
  • dental team
  • ENT
  • Audiologist
  • Respiratory/airway consultant
  • Geneticist
  • Psychologist
20
Q

What stage of cleft care is carried out at 3 months and why?

A

Lip closure
- to solve aesthetic/social concerns for parets

21
Q

What stage of cleft care is carried out at 6-12 months and why?
why cant this be done earlier?

A

palate closure
- Corrected for when sound/Babble starts

Newborns obligate nasal breathers can’t close palate before 6 months

22
Q

What stage of cleft care is carried out at 8-10 years and why?

A

alveolar bone graft

Have to ensure treatment of the cleft site is timed around the development of the teeth surrounding it so that the unerupted permanent teeth aren’t affected.

23
Q

What stage of cleft care is carried out at 12-15 years?

A

Definitive orthodontics

24
Q

What stage of cleft care is carried out at 18-20 years and why?

A

secondary surgeries e.g. orthognathic surgery

have to ensure growth has stopped

25
Q

What are the dental issues associated with CL(P)? (5)

A
  1. Impacted teeth
  2. Missing teeth
  3. Crowding
  4. growth
  5. Caries
26
Q

Describe how CL(P) causes problems with impaction. (2)

A

Lots of supernumeraries at cleft site = impacted permanent teeth as they cannot erupt

Maxilla small and compressed = crowded and impacted teeth as there is not enough space to erupt

27
Q

Describe how CL(P) causes problems with missing teeth. (2)
what teeth are commonly missing?

A

Teeth associated with the cleft site are missing

commonly laterals

Teeth near the cleft = Small and hypoplastic

28
Q

Describe how CL(P) causes problems with crowing of teeth. (2)

A

scarring from cleft repair = small maxilla

Social demographic of cleft = poorer areas and poor attenders with high caries rate = primary teeth XLA and permanent teeth erupt prematurely and drift etc

29
Q

Describe how CL(P) causes problems with growth.
What growth pattern is commonly associated with CLP?

A

Class III growth tendency

  • scarring of the maxilla prevents translation of top jaw forward
30
Q

Describe how CL(P) causes problems with caries (4).

A
  • poor socioeconomic status/social demograohic = poor attendance and high caries rate
  • Hypoplastic teeth near cleft site = more susceptible to caries
  • Teeth erupt in unusual locations = hard to clean
  • Extra teeth = crowing and hard to clean
31
Q

What dental team members are involved in CLP management? (6)

A
  • Paediatric dentist
  • Dental therapist
  • Restorative
  • Oral surgeon
  • Orthodontist
  • Orthodontic therapist
32
Q

When does assessment for alveolar bone graft take place and why?

A

Assessment at age 7/8 (lip and palate already fixed however the alveolar region not touched until 7/8)

  • Assessment delayed until 7/8 to prevent damage to the unerupted teeth
33
Q

How do we ensure the timing of the alveolar bone graft is correct?
when is surgery indicated?

A

Based around an OPT taken at 7/8 years old

Graft is indicated at the cleft site once the teeth surrounding the area are 50% formed (root)

34
Q

What must be considered before starting definitive orthodontics? (3)

A

success of the bone graft

Patient growth

Dental aesthetics

35
Q

What are the orthodontic tx options for “good growers”? (2)

A

Space closure
or
Space opening

36
Q

What are the orthodontic tx options for “poor growers”?

A

ortho to align the teeth in a class III relationship

37
Q

What are the orthodontic tx options for “borderline growers”?

A

Align the dentition and then reassess

My BDS4 (57 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions