orphan studies

Question 1

what are institutions

Answer 1

Somewhere where people stay for long and continuous periods of time eg. Hospitals and orphanages

Question 2

what is institutionalisation

Answer 2

The effects of living in an institutionalised setting

Question 3

context of Romanian orphan studies

Answer 3

Romania’s communist rule banned access to contraception which led to many children being born into severe food and electricity shortages, leading them to be given to state care.

Orphanages lacked funding and medicine and the children were often subjected to forms of physical and sexual abuse

Question 4

Who did the Romanian orphan study

Answer 4

Rutter

Question 5

What was the aim of Rutters study

Answer 5

To see if good care can make up for poor early experiences in institutions

Question 6

pps of Rutter study

Answer 6

165 Romanian orphans in the ERA (English Romanian Adopted) study who had been adopted by English families

Question 7

procedure of Rutter study

Answer 7

Test physical, emotional and cognitive development aged : 4,6,11,15,22-25
52 adopted kids from England were used as a control

Question 8

findings of Rutter study

Answer 8

When arriving in the UK, half of the adoptees showed delayed intellectual intelligence and malnourishment
Adopted 0-6m = mean IQ 102
Adopted 6-24m = mean IQ 86
Adopted 2y+ = mean IQ 77
Adopted 0-6m = no disinhibited att
Adopted 6m+ = disinhibited att

Question 9

Who did the BEI (Bucharest early intervention) study

Answer 9

Zeanah

Question 10

pps of Zeanah study

Answer 10

95 Romanian children who were part of the BEI and adopted between 12-31 months after spending most of their life institutionalized

Question 11

Procedure of BEI study

Answer 11

95 Romanian children compared to a control group of 59 non institutionalized children
Using Answorth’s strange situation

Question 12

findings of BEI study

Answer 12

Control g = 74% securely attached
Institutionalized g = 19% securely attached
Control g = 20% disinhibited attachment
Institutionalized g = 44% disinhibited attachment

Question 13

what is disinhibited attachment

Answer 13

Characterized by having little to no stranger anxiety and being just as clingy and needy to strangers as you are your caregiver
Rutter proposed this is likely during to institutionalized children having multiple caregivers

Question 14

intellectual disabilities

Answer 14

In Rutters study most of the institutionalized children had signs of intellectual disabilities however by age 4 most had caught up with the control group.