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Medicina Familiar > ORL > Flashcards

ORL Flashcards

1
Q

Examen físico Rinitis alérgica

A

Mucosa pálida + puentes mucosos + edema cornetes

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2
Q

Prick test positivo si:

A

pápula >3mm en relación a control negativo

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3
Q

Clasificación ARIA rinitis alérgica

A

Duración = persistente vs intermitente (<4v/sem y <4s consecutivas)
Severidad = leve vs mod/severa (interfiere sueño + interfiere activ vida diaria + dificultades laborales y escolares)

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4
Q

Manejo farmacológico rinitis alérgica

A

A) Antihistamínicos: Desloratadina 5 mg/d
B) Corticoides nasales

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5
Q

Dx rinosinutis aguda

A

Clínico
- Nariz tapada + obstrucción nasal + congestión nasal + descarga anterior o posterior
- Hiposmia + dolor facial + tos

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6
Q

Dx RS aguda bacteriana

A

≥3 sgtes
- Rinorrea purulenta
-Dolor local severo, especialmente si unilat
-Fiebre >38
- Curva rebote
-aumento PCR/VHS

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7
Q

Manejo RS aguda bacteriana

A

Amoxicilina 1g c/8hrs VO u 80 mg/kg/d dividido en 3 tomas
Corticoides intranasales 2 puff cada 12 horas en cada fosa nasal

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8
Q

Amigdalitis dx

A

Clínico, puede apoyarse con score centor para ver bacteriano
- Eritema con exudado
-Adenopatías cervicales
- Fiebre
- Ausencia de tos
- Edad 3-14 años da 1 punto vs >45a resta un punto. 15-44 neutro

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9
Q

Estudio etiología amigdalitis

A

Solo si centor 2 o 3 se hace test rápido
estudiar si alto riesgo = amigdalitis recurrentes + <3a

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10
Q

Manejo farmacológico amigdalitis bacteriana

A

Amoxicilina 500 mg c/8hrs
Amoxicilina 50 mg/kg/d dividido en 2-3 dosis

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11
Q

Indice apnea-hipoapnea

A

Leve = adultos 5-15 vs niños 1-4
Severo = adultos ≥30 vs niños >10

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12
Q

Dx SAHOS

A

Polisomnograma

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13
Q

Manejo SAHOS

A

Niños = adenoamigdalectomía
Adultos = CPAP

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14
Q

Sintomas y Otoscopía OMA

A

Fiebre + otalgia + hipoacusia
Eritema + abombamiento mb timpánica + otorrea

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15
Q

Etiología OMA

A

Strepto pneumoniae
H influenzae
Moraxella catarrhalis

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16
Q

Manejo farmacológico OMA: indicación y dosis

A

Indicado si
- <6m
- <2a bilateral
-Severa = tóxico + otalgia severa + >2 otalgia

Dosis = amoxicilina 80 mg/kg/d en dos dosis

17
Q

Vértigo:
- crisis episódica corta y larga duración
- Agudo
- Crónico

A
  • Episódica Corta duración = VPPB
  • Episódica larga duración (≥5min) = migraña vestibular + meniere

Agudo (horas a días) = ACV fosa posterior + neuronitis vestibular
Crónico = vestibulopatía bilateral + vértigo funcional

18
Q

Neuronitis vestibular: clínica + tto

A

Vértigo espontáneo agudo (horas a días) SIN sintomas auditivos

Manejo
- Difenidol
- PDN 1 mg/kg/d x7d

Medicina Familiar (4 decks)

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