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Cold War > Origins Of The Cold War > Flashcards

Origins Of The Cold War Flashcards

1
Q

Comintern

A

1919
Establish contact between communist groups with goal of Marxism-leninism

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2
Q

Red scare

A

1919
American communist society founded in American led to fear and many suspected communists deported and arrested

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3
Q

Nazi soviet pact

A

1939
Stalin signed pact with Hitler:
•wouldn’t invade each other
•to invade Poland and both take parts of it

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4
Q

Capitalism

A

Free/fair elections,
Businesses owned by individual NOT STATE
minimal government interference

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5
Q

Moscow conference

A

1944
•Stalin and Churchill
•informall agreement that Britain’s would put troops in Greece
(PERCENTAGES AGREEMENT)

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6
Q

Potsdam

A

July-Aug 1945
TRUMAN,STALIN,ATLEE
*ussr to get reparations from other zones in germanny
*west unhappy with spread of red army and soviet influence
*wanted free gov in poland

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7
Q

yalta

A

*4th-11th feb 1945
* dividing germany and berlin into 4
*ussr wants weak germany
*ussr agreed to join usa in war vs japan
*hold free elections in poland

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8
Q

atomic bomb

A

tested in july 1945 (manhattan project)
*hiroshima-6th aug 1945
*nagasaki-9th aug 1945
*stalin insulted as his help not needed as much in japan AND distrust as stalin didnt find out for a while

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9
Q

other tension between big 3

A

*discovery of mass graves in katyn forest (10,000 polish officers)- soviets denied
*soviets acused of letting nazis crush poles in warsaw uprisin (1944)
*delay in opening second front

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10
Q

why did stalin expand across eastern europe?

A
  • to create a “Buffer zone” against hostile countries
    *pursuing global communism
    *threat to captilism
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11
Q

methods used by stalin for controll ?

A

*influence of red army to spread communism(but mostly demiliterised)
*salami tactics- gradualy taking over in government
*cominform (1947) grouped communist parties in europe under stalin (disagreed=purged)
*comecon (1949) economic conntroll
*warsaw pact (1955) asserting military controll

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12
Q

romania and communism…

A

*rigged elections 372/414 communist won
*other parties abolshed
*king michael abdicated

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12
Q

hungary an communism…

A

party accused of offences against red army so dissolved in 1947
*communist took key positions in gov
* abolish other parties

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12
Q

bulgaria and communism…

A

*communists set up a coalition with peasants party
*leader (petkov) hanged for “plotting a coup” (alleged)

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13
Q

east germany and communism

A

*communist merge with socialist party
*purged members and took over power

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13
Q

containment and examples…

A

prevent communist spread
*truman doctrine
*marshall plan
*creation of frg
*NATO creation
*reconstruction of japan

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13
Q

poland and communism…

A

*arrested non communist leaders
*lublin comitee removed
*abolished other partiess

13
Q

czechoslovakia and communism…

A

*gotwald (communist leader)
*took over police,radios,army
*foreign minister (masaryk) “fell” from window after intrest in marshall plan

14
Q

iron curtain speech…

A

SINEWS OF PEACE
*1946 speech missouri
* divide between capitalist and communist
*called for aliance with USA
*first public mention of divide
*stalin saw it war mongering

15
Q

kennans long telegram…

A

*us diplomat in embassy of moscow
*feb 1946
*8000 word telegram to american gov
*said soviets still seek expansion
*published ananomously in 1947 saying communism should be shut down firmly
*

16
Q

britain and greek civil war…

A

*£3000m in debt after ww2
*couldnt afford it so told america
*america worried as believed economic distress could lead to communism
*truman doctrine aunched 12 march 1947 ($400m aid for greece and turkey)

17
Q

marshall plan…

A

*economic aid for post war recovery
*up to $13bn for any country
*stabilised western europe and west germany
*not in line with stalins ways so if countries joined usa hoped itd make a wedge between them
*prevent communism because of economic depression

18
Q

soviets reaction to marshall plan…

A

*rejected and called it “dollar imperialism”
*tightened grip on europe
*cominform to circulate more propaganda

19
Q

soviet view on germany…

A

*reunification as a security threat
*wanted neutral germany

20
Q

USA view on germany…

A

*economical recovery
*didnt want to be too harsh instead another war
*didnt want fully united as fear of falling under soviet controll

21
Q

causes of berlin blockade…

A

*ussr reject usa monetary reform for german industry
*usa and britain form bizonia
*may 1948 france joined = trizonia
*deutsche mark introduced

22
Q

the blockade…

A

*ussr took resources from its zone as reperations
*withought marshall aid they struggled
*soviets intrpduced new currency
*cut off links with west berlin

23
Q

significancce of berlin crisis…

A

*12th may 1949 stalin saw it had failed so he reopened communication
*creation of the frg
crreation of gdr 1949
*usa created NATO april
*west stood up to ussr peacefully

24
Q

when was the berlin blockade?

A

1948 june

25
Q

when was churchills iron curtain speech ?

A

1946 march

26
Q

when was the truman doctrine?

A

12 march 1947

27
Q

western response to blockade…

A

*airlifted 2.3 mil tons of supplies for 11 months

28
Q

when was the brussels treaty?

A

march 1945

29
Q

what was the brusels treaty?

A

*collective security treaty signed by european countries
*precursor to NATO

30
Q

what did truman administration suggest?

A

*peaceful draft to increase military spending

31
Q

which 3 countries joined NATO later?

A

greece and turkey-1952
FRG-1955

32
Q

NATO…

A

*North atlantic treaty organisaion
*work together and prevent communist spread
*USA had nuclear umbrella

33
Q

soviet reaction to nato…

A

*disliked as meant rearmament of west germany
*retaliated with warsaw pact

34
Q

when was the warsaw pact ?

A

may 1955

35
Q

warsaw pact…

A

*eastern alliance rival to NATO
*collective security

36
Q
A

Cold War (3 decks)

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