Origins Of Psychology

Question 1

Who is Wilheim Wundt?

Answer 1

A psychologist who distinguished psychology in 1879 as a stand alone practice.
Set up the first psychological laboratory to conduct experiments to view the nature of the human mind.

Question 2

Where was the first psychological laboratory built in 1879?

Answer 2

Leipzig, Germany by Wilheim Wundt

Question 3

What psychological approach was discovered in 1900 and by who?

Answer 3

The psychodynamic approach by Sigmund Freud

Question 4

Which psychological approach was discovered in 1913 and by who?(two names)

Answer 4

The Behaviouristic Approach by John Watson and B. Skinner

Question 5

Which psychological approach was discovered in 1950 and by who? (two names)

Answer 5

The Behaviouristic Approach by Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow

Question 6

Which psychological approach was discovered in 1960 and by who?

Answer 6

The cognitive approach by Ulric Neisser

Question 7

Which approach was discovered in 1980?

Answer 7

The biological approach

Question 8

Which approach was discovered in the 2000’s?

Answer 8

The cognitive neuroscientific approach

Question 9

What was the name of Wilheim Wundt’s famous experiment and how was it carried out?

Answer 9

Introspection - looking into peoples mindsets
Wundt used a highly trained assistant who had been given the stimulus of a ticking metronome for 10 mins and must write down his thoughts and emotions.

Question 10

What are 3 issues with Wundt’s introspection experiment?

Answer 10

• Findings lack validity due to socially desirable responses
• Delays during thought processes e.g natural memory loss
• Subjects who did introspection could not replicate therefore results where unreliable

Question 11

What is a benefit of Wundt’s introspection?

Answer 11

• It is still used in forms today e.g in CBT to detect depression
• The psychologist Griffiths used introspection to study cognitive processes in the minds of gamblers.

Question 12

How did Wundt pioneer the emergence of psychology as a science?

Answer 12

• Wundt founded the first laboratory for psychological experiments
• He set theories to ‘describe the nature of human consciousness’
• He used scientific methods during experiments independent and dependent variables.
• The methods used were empirical

Question 13

What was the psychodynamic approach about?

Answer 13

• The role of the unconscious
• Structure of personality (iD, Ego and Superego)
• Studying defence mechanisms(Denial, Displacement and Repression)
• One of the of the earliest approaches in psychology(19th century).

Question 14

What was Sigmund Freud’s theory leading to the psychodynamic approach?

Answer 14

• Highlights the importance of early childhood experience on our actions/reactions of adult life
• How childhood events have great influence on behaviour shaping our personality
• Can occur in our unconscious mind

Question 15

What is the unconscious?

Answer 15

Knowledge we gain through our brain processing information for us whilst we are unaware. Can sometimes be threatening or disturbing memories which have been repressed.