Origins Of Psycholgy

Question 1

Wilhelm Wundt established the first

Answer 1

Psychology lab

Question 2

Where did Wundt open his lab?

Answer 2

Leipzig, Germany

Question 3

When did Wundt open his lab in Liebzig, Germany?

Answer 3

1879

Question 4

What was the aim of Wundt’s lab?

Answer 4

To describe the nature of human consciousness in a carefully controlled and scientific environment - a lab

Question 5

Introspection was the first systematic experimental attempt to

Answer 5

Study the mind by breaking up conscious awareness into basic structures of thoughts, images and sensations

Question 6

Isolating the structure of consciousness in this way is called

Answer 6

Structuralism

Question 7

The same standardised instructions were given to

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All participants

Question 8

Because everyone got the same standardised instructions, experiments could be

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Repeated

Question 9

Participants were given a ticking metronome so they could

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Pace their responses

Question 10

Participants would report their

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Thoughts
Images
Sensations

Question 11

How could Wundts early attempts to study the mind be described today?

Answer 11

Naïve

Question 12

Wundts work was significant as

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It marked the separation of modern scientific psychology from its broader philosophical roots

Question 13

John. B. Watson Date

Answer 13

1913

Question 14

What did John. B. Watson argue?

Answer 14

He argued that Introspection was subjective and it varied from person to person

Question 15

According to the behaviourist approach

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‘Scientific’ Psychology should only study phenomena that can be observed and measured

Question 16

B. F. Skinner date

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1953

Question 17

B. F. Skinner bought the

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Language and rigour of the natural sciences into psychology

Question 18

The behaviourists focus on learning and the use of carefully controlled lab studies

Answer 18

Would dominate psychology for the next few decades

Question 19

behaviourist Scientific approach dominated psychology

Answer 19

1930’s

Question 20

Cognitive approach used scientific procedures to study mental processes

Answer 20

1950s

Question 21

The biological approach introduced technological advances

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1990s

Question 22

1900s

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Early behaviourist rejected Introspection

Question 23

Following the cognitive revolution in the 1990’s

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The study of mental processes were seen to legitimate within psychology

Question 24

although mental processes remain ‘private’

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Cognitive psychologists are able to make inferences about how these work on the basis of tests conducted in a controlled environment

Question 25

Biological psychologists have taken advantage of recent advances in technology

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Including…
Recording brain activity
Using scanning techniques (fMRI & EEG)
Advanced genetic research

Question 26

Wundts method was highly scientific because

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He recorded the introspections within a controlled lab environment

Question 27

Wundt standardised his procedures so that

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All participants received the same information and were tested in the same way

Question 28

Wundts research can be considered a forerunner to the later

Answer 28

Scientific approach in psychology that were to come

Question 29

Wundt relied on participants

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Self-reporting their ‘private’ mental processes

Question 30

Self reporting is a problem as it is

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Subjective and participants may not have wanted to reveal some of the thoughts they were having

Question 31

Participants would have also not had exactly the same thoughts every time so establishing general principles would

Answer 31

general principles would not have been possible

Question 32

General laws are useful to

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Predict future behaviour, one of the aims of science

Question 33

Wundts early efforts to study the mind were

Answer 33

Naïve and would not meet the criteria of scientific enquiry

Question 34

Psychology has the same aims as

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The natural sciences - to describe, understand, predict and control our world

Question 35

The learning approach, cognitive approach and biological approach all rely on the use of

Answer 35

scientific methods

Question 36

Throughout the 20th century and beyond

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Psychology has established itself as a scientific discipline.

Question 37

The humanistic approach is

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Anti-scientific and does not attempt to formulate general laws of behaviour

Question 38

The humanistic approach is only concerned with

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Documenting unique subjective experience

Question 39

The psychodynamic approach makes use of the

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Case study method

Question 40

The case study method is based on

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Interview techniques which are open to bias and no attempt is made to gather a representative sample of the population

Question 41

Because of the humanistic approach and the psychodynamic approach, this is why many claim that an

Answer 41

Scientific approach to the study of human thought and experience is not possible nor is it desirable as there are important differences between the subject matter of psychology and the natural sciences