Origins & Insertions

Question 1

Superficial pectoral m.

Answer 1

Origin: sternum
Termination: crest of greater tubercle and cranial humeral border
Action: adduct the thoracic limb

Question 2

Deep pectoral m.

Answer 2

Origin: sternum
Termination: greater and lesser tubercles of humerus
Action: adduct thoracic limb and pull it caudally

Question 3

Brachiocephalicus m.

Answer 3

Origin: clavicular intersection
Termination: humerus, skull, neck
Action: pull thoracic limb cranially (and/or) depress and pull head and neck laterally

Question 4

Omotransversarius m.

Answer 4

Origin: wing of the atlas
Termination: spine of the scapula
Action: pull thoracic limb cranially (and/or) depress and pull head and neck laterally

Question 5

Trapezius m.

Answer 5

Origin: neck
Termination: spine of the scapula
Action: elevate the thoracic limb

Question 6

Rhomboideus m.

Answer 6

Origin: don’t need to know
Termination: dorsal border of scapula
Action: elevate the thoracic limb

Question 7

Serratus ventralis m.

Answer 7

Origin: cervical vertebrae, ribs
Termination: serrate face of scapula
Action: support and/or elevate the trunk

Question 8

Latissimus dorsi m.

Answer 8

Origin: thoracolumbar fascia
Termination: teres major tuberosity
Action: draw the thoracic limb caudally, flex or extend the humeral joint

Question 9

Deltoideus m.

Answer 9

Origin: spine of scapula and acromoin
Termination: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Action: flex the humeral joint

Question 10

Supraspinatus m.

Answer 10

Origin: supraspinous fossa of the scapula
Termination: greater tubercle of the humerus
Action: extend the humeral joint

Question 11

Infraspinatus

Answer 11

Origin: infraspinous fossa of the scapula
Termination: greater tubercle of the humerus
Action: flex the humeral joint, abduct the limb at the humeral joint

Question 12

Teres minor m.

Answer 12

Origin: caudal border of the scapula
Termination: teres minor tuberosity of the humerus
Action: flex the humeral joint

Question 13

Subscapularis m.

Answer 13

Origin: subscapular fossa of scapula
Termination: lesser tubercle of humerus
Action: adduct limb at humeral joint

Question 14

Teres major m.

Answer 14

Origin: caudal border of scapula
Termination: teres major tuberosity of humerus

Question 15

Coracobrachialis m.

Answer 15

Origin: coracoid process of scapula
Termination: crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus
Action: adduct limb at shoulder

Question 16

Biceps brachii m.

Answer 16

Origin: supraglenoid tubercle
Termination: radial and ulnar tuberosities
Action: flex the cubital joint and extend the humeral joint

Question 17

Brachialis m.

Answer 17

Origin: brachial groove of humerus
Termination: proximal radius and/or ulna
Action: flext the cubital joint

Question 18

Triceps brachii m.

Answer 18

Origin: caudal border of scapula (long head), proximal humerus (other heads)
Termination: tuber olecrani
Action: extend the cubital joint (all heads), flex the humeral joint (long head)

Question 19

Tensor fasciae antebrachii m.

Answer 19

Origin: latissimus dorsi and fascia on caudal border of scapula
Termination: tuber olecrani
Action: extend the cubital joint

Question 20

Anconeus m.

Answer 20

Origin: caudal aspect of distal humerus
Termination: tuber olecrani
Action: extend the cubital joint

Question 21

Extensor carpi radialis m.

Answer 21

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Termination: dorsal base of second and third metacarpal bones
Action: extend the carpal joints and flex the cubital joint

Question 22

Common digital extensor m.

Answer 22

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Termination: extensor processes of distal phalanges
Action: extend the carpal and digital joints

Question 23

Lateral digital extensor m.

Answer 23

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Termination: distal phalanges
Action: extend the carpal joints and the digital joints of the lateral most digits

Question 24

Ulnaris lateralis m.

Answer 24

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Termination: accessory carpal bone and lateral base of fifth metacarpal bone
Action: flex the carpal joints, abduct the manus

Question 25

Supinator m.

Answer 25

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Termination: body of radius
Action: supination of the manus

Question 26

Abductor pollicis longus m.

Answer 26

Origin: proximal antebrachium
Termination: medical metacarpus
Action: abduct the first digit

Question 27

Brachioradialis m.

Answer 27

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Termination: fascia near the carpus
Action: flexes the cubital joint and supinates the manus

Question 28

Flexor carpi radialis m.

Answer 28

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus
Termination: palmar base of metacarpal bones 2 and 3
Action: flex the carpal joints

Question 29

Flexor carpi ulnaris m.

Answer 29

Origin: medial epicondyle and olecranon
Termination: accessory carpal bone
Action: flex the carpal bones

Question 30

Superficial digital flexor m.

Answer 30

Origin: medical epicondyle of the humerus
Termination: middle phalanges of the digits
Action: flex the carpal joints, metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints

Question 31

Deep digital flexor m.

Answer 31

Origin: humerus, radius, ulna
Termination: flexor tubercles of distal phalanges
Action: flex the carpal and digital joints

Question 32

Pronator teres m.

Answer 32

Origin: medical epicondyle of the humerus
Termination: medial body of radius
Action: weak elbow flexion and weak pronation of the manus

Question 33

Pronator quadratus m.

Answer 33

Attachments; apposed surfaces of the radius and the ulna

Action: pronation of the manus