Origin of disparities

Question 1

Define: gini coefficient

Answer 1

A statistical technique used to show the extent of income the extent of income inequality in a country .With values between 0 and 1, a low value indicated a more equal income distribution while a high value means more unequal income distribution

Question 2

Define: cumulative causation

Answer 2

The process whereby significant increase in economic growth can lead to even more growth as more money circulates in the economy

Question 3

Define: economic core region

Answer 3

The most highly developed region in a country with advanced systems of infrastructure and high levels of investment resulting in high average income

Question 4

Define: PERIPHERY

Answer 4

The parts of a country outside the economic core region. The level of economic development in the periphery is significantly below that of the core

Question 5

Define: slum

Answer 5

A heavily populated urban area characterised by substandard housing and squalor

Question 6

Define: urbanisation of poverty

Answer 6

The gradual shift of global poverty from rural to urban areas with increasing urbanisation

Question 7

Define: indigenous population

Answer 7

People descending from the original ethnic groups migrating to that country at a later period of time may come to dominate the indigenous people in various ways

Question 8

Define: privatisation

Answer 8

The sale of state-owned assets to the private sector

Question 9

What does the Gini coefficient allow?

Answer 9

Analysis of changes in income inequality over time in individual countries and comparison in between countries

Question 10

CASE STUDY - Regional disparities

Answer 10

BRAZIL

1. South east region of Brazil is the economic core region of Brazil
2. Over time, the south east has benefited from spatial flows of labour, raw materials and capital (r.m. have come from abroad as well as from internal)
3. Region grew rapidly as a cause of cumulative causation
4. Resulted in significant economic growth in the core, but also had a considerable negative impact on the periphery
   5.