Origin of animals and choanoflagellates

Question 1

choanoflagellates

Answer 1

aquatic, filter feed on bacteria, snyap: collar of sticky tentacles

Question 2

major early animals

Answer 2

sponges, ctenophores, cnidarians, lophotrochozoa, Ecdysozoa, Echinoderms, chordates

Question 3

protostomes

Answer 3

blastophore- mouth

lophotrochozoa, ecdysozoans

Question 4

deuterostomes

Answer 4

blastophore- anus

echinoderms, chordates

Question 5

Eumetozoa

Answer 5

All animals except for sponges

synapomorphy: tissues( nerves + muscles), symmetry of body plan, internal gastrovascular system

Question 6

Ctenophores

Answer 6

comb jellies all marine,radial symmetry

synapomorphy: 8 combs

Question 7

cnidaria

Answer 7

jelly fish, hydras, anemones, corals etc.
all aquatic, radial symmetry– polp or medusa

synap: cnidocytes, explosive stinging, adhesive walls
polyp: tentacles up
medusa: tentacles down

Question 8

Jellyfish

Answer 8

medusa

stinging tentacles, some release of gametes in ocean

Question 9

hydra

Answer 9

polyp
some solitary
catch pray with tentacles

Question 10

Anemones + corals

Answer 10

both polyp

symbiosis with dinoflagellates

Question 11

Lophotrochozoa

Answer 11

Synap: feeding tentacles, cephalization of interior brain , DNA

Flatworms, Annelids, Mollusks

Question 12

Flatworms

Answer 12

acoelomate, blind gut, mouth + anus is the same openiing

- flatworms, tapeworms, flukes

Question 13

Annelids

Answer 13

Synap: segmentation

coelomate, closed cir system, digestive tube with 2 openings

Question 14

Mollusks

Answer 14

almost all aquatic, coelomate, digestive w 2 openings

- Muscular foot, visceral mass, mantle

Question 15

Bivalves

Answer 15

clams, scallops, mussels
muscular foot: burrowing/hiding
visceral mass- w/in two shells
mantle- above and below

Question 16

gastropods

Answer 16

snails, slugs
muscular foot: gliding/ swimming
visceral mass: extends into shell

Question 17

cephlapods

Answer 17

octopi, squids, cuttlefish
muscular foot: tentacles to catch prey, extends into body, lost
mantle: lost

Question 18

Ecdysozoa

Answer 18

Synap: molting cuticle– protection/structural support

nematods, anthropods

Question 19

Nematodes

Answer 19

thin cuticle
pseudocoelomate 
unsegmented
cephalized with nevtral nerve cord
complete digestive tract

Question 20

Anthropods

Answer 20

Synap: jointed appendages, chitinous cuticle

-Trilobite chelicerates(arachnids), myriapods, Pancrustaceans

Question 21

Trilobite

Answer 21

dominant aquatic anthropods

lasted early Cambrian- permian

Question 22

Chelicerates

Answer 22

• 2 pair appendages on head

- 4 pairs of walking legs

Question 23

myriapods

Answer 23

2 body regions
centipedes. carnivores
millipedes, herbivores

Question 24

Pancrustaceans

Answer 24

Insecta and curstaceans

Question 25

Crustaceae

Answer 25

many pairs of appendages on head,

head, thorax, abdomen– specialized function

Question 26

insects

Answer 26

3 part body, head thorax , abdomen
6 walking legs attached to thorax
first animals to fly