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DAT Destroyer review > Orgs > Flashcards

Orgs Flashcards

1
Q

extraction of acids/bases

A

NEED to be extracted if acid by BASE and vice versa (so think pH to bring it into aq layer h20)

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2
Q

rank bases strength

A

-CH3 > -NH2 > -OH > Br-

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3
Q

Tollen’s reagent

A

Ag(NH3)2+ (tollens reagent), or Ag20 are n1ild oxidizing agents used to oxidize aldehydes into acids.

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4
Q

side chain oxidation when its hexane

A

GETS TURNED INTO TWO CARB ACIDS

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5
Q

watch wording of the questions

A

plz

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6
Q

crossed clauses can’t mix!!

A

cuz of alpha proton rule thing

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7
Q

determining the number of products formed

A
  • recognize the chiral compounds, each isomer is 1~
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8
Q

which molecule is axial or equatorial

A

think not molar mass, but how many atoms bonded (ch3 is eq not br!)

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9
Q

solvolysis

A

sn1 reaction, and adds whole GROUP

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10
Q

tautomers can also be called

A

constitutional isomers!

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11
Q

how to determine strongest base

A

will use lone pair. more “lone” the pair, the better. thus NO resonance, or electron withdrawing groups!

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12
Q

when asked amount of isomers

A

be creative and draw!!

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13
Q

carboxyl is what kind of group

A

META AND WITHDRAWING

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14
Q

h2 and pt with no2

A

goes to nh2

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15
Q

excess I2 and OH

A

HALOFORM

- this removes a ch3 from a methyl ketone and gives yellow ppt

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16
Q

alkanes at room temp

A

first four are games, non polar and dissolve in GASOLINE

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17
Q

acidic protons

A

always the OH or carboxyl!!

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18
Q

forming a grignards

A

CAN”T have any acidic protons so most non polar one is the one it will form with!!!

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19
Q

anhydride formation

A

using acyl halide and acid with PYR

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20
Q

review your Spiro and bicycle naming please!!

A

ughh

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21
Q

br2 and ccl4 test, as well as KMnO4 cold

A

reacts with double and triple bonds ONLY (no resonance!!)

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22
Q

UV spec

A

used for conjugated molεcules and

involves transitions between e1εctronic energy levεIs.

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23
Q

Nucleophilic Addition reactions

A

alde and ketones

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24
Q

Nuclεophilic Acyl Substitution

A

Estεrs and amides

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25
Q

Electrophilic addition reactions

A

alkenes and alkynes

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26
Q

Elεctrophilic Substitution reactions

A

Aromatic

compounds

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27
Q

enamine rxn can be ANY n with co!!!

A

yes

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28
Q

hydrolysis of enamine

A

just add water!!

29
Q

using socl and py gives no

A

rearrangement!!

30
Q

ald응hyde with an alpha hydrogεn， whεn in dilute acid or base

A

does ALDOL CONDENSE

31
Q

cl2 and OH

A

remove alpha h’s around and add! adds so many times…

32
Q

be careful when doing r/s

A

dont assume

33
Q

Hεating a bεta-kεto acid

A

causε a loss of CO2. make sure has the carboxy group beta to a kεto group

34
Q

ester reacts with the Grignard

A

ALWAYS assun1ed 2 molεs of a Grignard if an eSter is present. ESTER LEAVES

35
Q

doublε dεhydrohalogεnation reaction is __ mech?

36
Q

poor LGS

A

OCH3, OH, CN, OC2Hs

*need v strong nuc to displace

37
Q

LDA!

A 
lithium diisopropylamide (look at structure)
- This reagent is a large, sterically hindεrεd base that removes thε alpha proton that is most accessible.
38
Q

whenever given pH of compound, and then pH of another thing…

A

use thε Henderson -Hassεlbach equation

39
Q

use thε Henderson -Hassεlbach equation

A

pH = pKa + log[salt/acic]

40
Q

intermediate of benzene substitution things is

A

carbocation!!!

41
Q

alkylation of benzene using more than three corbons gives…

A

REARRANGEMENT

42
Q

when given two rings and asked to do some benzene substitution … ask

A

which ring is deactivating, then the other ring will direct

43
Q

br2 and NBS prefer which site

A

NYTHIng that generates stable radicle!!!

44
Q

peroxide initiators

A

create polymers!!! ()n things

45
Q

how to make an ylide

A

add R chain to 3P in aprotic solvent, (sn2)

46
Q

elution order in chromatography

A

by polarity! most polar is first

47
Q

anytime a lactone is hydrolyzed

A

it is cut between the O and the C=O!!!!

48
Q

can a single bond always rotate?

A

no, if there is resonance then its stuck!!!

49
Q

HIO4

A

oxidizing agent, weak!!! also CLEAVES OH groups then does ox

50
Q

positive tollens test

A

tεst can suggεst εithεr an aldehydε or an alpha -hydroxy kεtone.

51
Q

2,4- DNP test

A

a carbonyl is present

52
Q

when doing epoxide opening,

A

dont forget that addition still occurs! draw out the cut

53
Q

practice aromaticity stuff

54
Q

careful of bulky bases and stuff!!!

A

during elimination

55
Q

adding D2O and catalytic acid to ketone

A

remove all alpha hydrogens and add D

56
Q

how to dtermine light rotation

A

experimentally only!!!

57
Q

+ rotation

A

dextratory

58
Q

-rotation

A

levoratory

59
Q

aldehyde proton acidity

A

NOT VERY ACIDIC

60
Q

AG2O, NH3

A

tollents. this is strong ox agent

61
Q

diasteriomers are only possible

A

with MORE than one stereocenter

62
Q

GO AND REDO ALL SLIDES ABOUT ENOLS

63
Q

decarboxylation

A

gives off a CO2

64
Q

when determining bond length

A

Rεcall Sp3 > Sp2 > sp in length. Look at the adjacent carbons on both sides of the respective bond

like: A) sp3-sp2, etc

65
Q

which alcohols dehydrate faster

A

3 prime OH only

66
Q

adding Pt and H@ to rings

A

will open small rings too!!! not just hydrogenate

67
Q

isomers and meso compounds

A

please draw them out but remember any meso compounds count as 1 not two!

68
Q

any internal plane of symmetry, no matter what the dash and wedge say

A

is ACHIRAL

DAT Destroyer review (4 decks)

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