Orgo 1 functional groups

Question 1

alcohols

Answer 1

-OH hydroxyl group
-ol ending (number carbon that attached to)
- numbered so OH has lowest C number
-en/-yn and number come before -ol

Question 2

alcohol structure

Answer 2

O is sp3 hybrid with x2 l.p.
H-O-R

Question 3

3 different types of organic molecule

Answer 3

aliphatic - carbon atoms joined in straight chains
alicyclic - carbon atoms joined in rings (non aromatic)
aromatic - carbon atoms joined in a benzene ring

Question 4

haloalkenes

Answer 4

-{Cl,Br,I}
chloro/bromo/iodo prefix

Question 5

aldehydes

Answer 5

-CHO (=O, -H)
-al suffix
found at end of molecules

Question 6

ketones

Answer 6

-C(C=O)C-
-one suffix
found in between carbons in molecules

Question 7

carboxylic acids

Answer 7

R - C(=O,-OH) -
-oic acid suffix
found at ends of molecules

Question 8

esters

Answer 8

R-(C=O)-(C-O)-
R-COOC-R
alkyl after bridged oxygen
-oate with central carbon
basically an O bridge

Question 9

acyl chlorides

Answer 9

R-C(-Cl)(=O)
R-OCl
found at end of molecules
-oyl chloride suffix

Question 10

amines

Answer 10

R-NH2
amino (prefix)
amine(suffix)
found at end of molecules

Question 11

nitriles

Answer 11

-CN
nitrile suffix

Question 12

all structural isomers

Answer 12

branched
functional group
positional

Question 13

positional isomers

Answer 13

compounds with a functional group, just at a different part of the carbon chain

Question 14

branched isomerisms

Answer 14

where parts of the carbon chain are rearranged to form different structures

Question 15

functional group isomerisms

Answer 15

molecules with the same molecular formula but different functional groups (aldehyde/ketone) so they react differently