ORGIN OF CELLS Flashcards
Describe condition on prebiotic earth.
Prebiotic earth conditions weren’t able to support life but were useful in the origin of carbon compounds, which are essential for life.
The conditions on prebiotic earth were-
1) High atmospheric temperature
( Higher levels of carbon dioxide and methane)
2) Lightening
3)UV radiation preventing ozone from forming
4) Frequent volcanic eruptions
5) Little to no oxygen
6) asteroid bombardment
Two people came up with the hypothesis for origin of life on earth. Mention their names and their hypothesis.
Oparin and Haldane independently came up with the hypothesis for origin of life of earth. They believed…
1) Formation of simple organic molecules from inorganic molecules.
2) Assembly of carbon compounds into polymers.
3) Formation of polymers that can self-replicate.
4) Packaging of molecules into compartments with an internal chemistry different from surroundings.
What is the Miller-Urey experiment?
The Miller-Urey experiment was conducted in 1953 and aimed to prove the first step of the Oparin-Haldane hypothesis - Formation of simple organic compounds from inorganic compounds.
How was the Miller-Urey experiment conducted?
The Miler-Urey experiment used an apparatus, where water was boiled in a small flask and it would evaporate to a large flask. The water here represented oceans. In the large flask, it would combine with methane, hydrogen gas and ammonia (attempt to replicate prebiotic atmosphere). Then sparks would be fired between electrodes to replicate lightening on pre-biotic earth. Lastly, the steam would pass through a condenser turning it back into liquid water that would drip down the trap for collection.
FACTS
1) Cells are the smallest Unit of life
2) All cells are enclosed by a plasma membrane and they all contain genetic information in DNA molecules.
3) RNA is the first genetic material
4) LUCA - last universal common ancestor
5) Phylogenic tree of life - Eubacteria. Archaea. Eukaryotic
