NUCLEIC ACIDS (INCOMPLETE)

Question 1

Describe basics about DNA

Answer 1

1)Full name- Deoxyribose
2) Carrys a genetic code - known to be universal.
3) DNA found in nucleus

Question 2

Describe basics about RNA

Answer 2

1) Full name- Ribonucleic
2) Important role in protein synthesis
3) Some RNA is found in the nucleus and the cytoplasm

Question 3

What makes up a nucleotide? and how are they bonded?

Answer 3

1) pentose sugar
2) phosphate group
3) nitrogen-containing base

The phosphate and the nitrogen-containing base are bonded to the pentose sugar COVALENTLY

Question 4

Which nucleotides are purine and which are pyrimidines?

Answer 4

Adenine and guanine are purine bases

Cytosine, thymine (in DNA) and uracil (in RNA) are pyrimidine bases

Question 5

mRNA

Answer 5

messenger RNA formed in the nucleus and transported to ribosomes in cytoplasm

Question 6

tRNA

Answer 6

transfer RNA - Responsible for transporting amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis.

Question 7

rRNA

Answer 7

forms as part of ribosomes

Question 8

Describe DNA structure

Answer 8

1) Double helix
2) antiparallel strands (Because the strands run in opposite directions (they are antiparallel), one is known as the 5’ to 3’ strand and the other is known as the 3’ to 5’ strand)

Question 9

Define codon

Answer 9

A sequence of three consecutive nucleotides in a DNA or RNA molecule that codes for a specific amino acid.