Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Biology - Human Body Systems - Level 4 > Organs and Tissues - Epithelial Tissue > Flashcards

Organs and Tissues - Epithelial Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

How is function of an organ determined?

A

The function of a particular organ can be determined by its tissues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Definition of tissue

A

A tissue is a group of similar cells that function together to perform a specialised activity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Types of tissue

A

Epithelial
Muscle
Connective
Nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Function of Tissue

Epithelial

A

Covering

All 3 germ layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Function of Tissue

Muscle

A

Movement

Mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Function of Tissue

Connective

A

Support

Mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Function of Tissue

Nerve

A

Control

Ectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Types of Epithelial Tissue

A

Covering

Glandular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Functions of Epithelial Tissues

A

Protective barrier

Exchange surface (absorb / excretion / filter)

Secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do cells form on Epithelial Tissue

A

Cells form a continuous layer covering an internal or external surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is the surface made up of Epithelial Tissue?

A

One surface is free and specialised (apical) and one is attached (basal) to connective tissue known as basement membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How are the cells held together in Epithelial Tissue?

A

Avascular (no blood vessels).

Cell junctions hold cells together.

Multilayered surfaces can stretch.

Capable of regeneration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Stomach Lining

Epithelial Tissue

A

Contains both types of epithelial cells.

Glandular (secretory) cells + covering cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Special Features of Epithelium

Cilia

A

Hair like appendages attached to the apical surface of cells that act as sensory structures to produce movement.

(e.g. respiratory, epithelium of lungs)

Singular: ilium
Latin: eyelash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Special Features of Epithelium

Goblet Cells

A

Specialised cells that produce mucus to lubricate and protect the surface of an organ.

e.g. respiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Special Features of Epithelium

Villi

A

Singular: villus
Latin: shaggy hair

Finger like projections that arise from the epithelial layer in some organs.

They help to increase surface area allowing for faster and more efficient absorption.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Special Features of Epithelium

Microvilli

A

Smaller projections that arise from the cells surface that also increase surface area.

Sometimes referred to as the brush border of an organ (e.g. small intestine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Classification of Epithelium

Layers

A

Simple
Stratified
Pseudostratified

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Classification of Epithelium

Shape

A

Squamous
Columnar
Cuboidal

Also includes transitional (urinary tract)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Glandular Cells

Exocrine

A

Have duct that secrete sweat, salivary and mucus.

21
Q

Glandular Cells

Endocrine

A

Secrete hormones directly into fluid surrounding gland.

22
Q

Simple Squamous

Description

A

Single layer of flattened cells

Disc-shaped central nuclei

Sparse cytoplasm

23
Q

Simple Squamous

Function

A

Passage of materials

Diffusion and Filtration (where protection is not a priority)

Secretes lubricating substances in serosae.

24
Q

Simple Squamous

Location

A 
Kidney glomeruli 
Air sacs in lungs
Lining of heart
Blood vessels
Lymphatic vessels
Lining of ventral body cavity
25
Simple Cuboidal Description
Single layer of cube-like cells. Large, spherical, central nuclei.
26
Simple Cuboidal Function
Secretion and absorption
27
Simple Cuboidal Location
Kidney tubules Ducts and secretory portions of small glands. Ovary surface
28
Simple Columnar Description
Single layer of tall cells. Round to oval nuclei Some cells bear cilia Layer may contain mucus-secreting unicellular glands.
29
Simple Columnar Function
Absorption Secretion of mucus Enzymes etc. Ciliated type propels mucus by ciliating action.
30
Simple Columnar Location Nonciliated
Most of digestive tract Stomach -> anus Gallbladder Excretory ducts
31
Simple Columnar Location Ciliated
Small bronchi Uterine tubes Some uterus regions
32
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Description
Single layer of cells - differing height some do not reach free space. Nuclei seen at different levels. May contain mucus secreting goblet cells. May contain bear cilia.
33
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Function
Secretion (particularly mucus). Propulsion of mucus by ciliary action.
34
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Location Nonciliated
Type is male sperm-carrying ducts. Ducts of large glands.
35
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Location Ciliated
Variety lines the trachea. Upper respiratory tract.
36
Stratified Squamous Description
``` Thick membrane Several cell layers Basal cells are cuboidal or columnar. Metabolically active Surface cells flattened. ```
37
Stratified Squamous Keratinised type:
Surface cells full of keratin and dead. Basal cells active in mitosis. Produce cells of more superficial layers.
38
Stratified Squamous Function
Protects underlying tissues in areas subjected to abrasion.
39
Stratified Squamous Location Non-keratinised
Moist linings of esophagus, mouth, vagina, uretha and anus.
40
Stratified Squamous Keratinised
Epidermis of skin. Dry membrane.
41
Stratified Cuboidal Description
Two layers of cube-like cells
42
Stratified Cuboidal Function
Protection
43
Stratified Cuboidal Location
Largest ducts of sweat glands, mammary glands, and salivary glands.
44
Stratified Columnar Description
Several cell layers Basal cells usually cuboidal Superficial cells elongated and columnar
45
Stratified Columnar Function
Protection Secretion
46
Stratified Columnar Location
Rare in the body Small amounts in male uretha Large ducts of some glands
47
Transitional Description
Resembles squamous and stratified cuboidal. Basal cells cuboidal or columnar. Surface cells dome / squamous shape Depends on degree of organ stretch.
48
Transitional Function
Stretches readily Permits distension of urinary organ
49
Transitional Location
Lines ureters Bladder Part of uretha

Human Biology - Human Body Systems - Level 4 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions