Introduction to Human Body Systems Flashcards
What are human body systems?
One sentence
Maintaining life is concerned with maintaining function.
Level of structural organisation
Atoms Molecules Organelle Cell Tissue Organ Organ System Organism
Function is maintained by:
Reproduction - to ensure continuation of species.
Sensing to, responding to and protection from the environment.
Homeostasis (control of glucose and removal of waste)
Movement - for protection and access to resource.
Types of body systems
Reproductive Integumentary Skeletal Muscular Nervous Circulatory Endocrine Lymphatic Digestive Respiratory Urinary
What is homeostasis?
The property of a system in which variables are regulated so that internal conditions remain stable and relatively constant.
e.g. Temperature, pH
Process of homeostasis?
Process that maintains the stability of the human body’s internal environment in response to changes in external conditions.
Ageing = loss of efficiency
Why is homeostasis important??
Maintaining an appropriate environment for the cells is essential for their normal (healthy) function.
Disruption can lead to illness and death.
Essential for cell survival and how body systems maintain this internal constancy is central to normal function.
Contributions of Systems to Homeostasis
Circulatory
Transports red and white blood cells, platelets, electrolytes and hormones.
Contributions of Systems to Homeostasis
Digestive
Supplies enzymes, water and electrolytes. Eliminates undigested food.
Contributions of Systems to Homeostasis
Respiratory
Supplies O2, and removes CO2 with some water loss. It has a role in maintaining pH.
Contributions of Systems to Homeostasis
Skeletal
Provides support and protection for internal organs. It is also acts as a store for calcium ions.
Contributions of Systems to Homeostasis
Muscular
Allows movement; not essential for homeostasis but allows protection and generates heat.
Contributions of Systems to Homeostasis
Integumentary
Skin and related structures.
Protection and control of temperature regulation.
Contributions of Systems to Homeostasis
Immune
For protection from pathogens and removal of worn-out cells.
Contributions of Systems to Homeostasis
Urinary
Removes excess fluid and other electrolytes. It has a role in maintaining in pH.
