Organizational Design Flashcards
Organization as a system - defined by
its legal documents, mission, goals, and strategies, and operating manuals
Organization as a system - represented by
its organization charts, job descriptions, and marketing
Organization as a system - maintained or controlled by
policies and procedures, budgets, info management system, quality management and performance review systems
Organization as a system - impact you as PT
• Every part and piece of an organization will connect to you as a PT - understand that as a PT in an organization your actions will impact other people’s work and opportunity as well - need to work together as a team
System purpose =
System purpose: the mission/vision of the organization
Why do you exist as part of an organization? And who do we exist for?
Organizational design vs. structure - Design is what
A plan
the intended plan
think building design
What it says that it is on paper - how did we intend for it to function or perform
Process of integrating to achieve obectives
Organizational design vs. structure - Structure is what
how it performs and who is in it and what they do - the roles and responsibilities
Who performs the various functions and tasks and how these people relate to one another
The org chart for ex - A skeleton of an organization
Organizational Structure vs. Business Structure
Not always the same! Organization is more of the plan
Business is more of the legal aspect to things - what the court of law says that we are
Business Structure - Sole proprietorship
Just one person who owns the business; a single entity; a single owner that runs the business
Business Structure - Sole proprietorship Adv. and Disadv.
Adv - max freedom, easy to set up and form
Dis - nothing to fall back on, max liability, might be hard to get all expenses you need
Business Structure - General Partnership
2 or more owners
They are in it together - everyone has a stake in it
Business Structure - General Partnership - Adv and Disadv
Adv - still quite a bit of freedom, easy to form, spreads workload and duties
Disadv - divided authority, might not always agree, limited liability
Business structure - Limited Partnership
2 or more
They come together but are not equal - one has more power than the other
Business structure - Limited Partnership - Adv and Disadv
Adv - broader management with more managers
Disadv - Divided auth, more difficult to dissolve if you no longer want to be part of it
Business structure - Joint ventures partnership
you are maybe partnering with another organization
Business structure - Corporation Adv and Disadv
At least 1 owner
Adv - cover some liability, separate legal entity
Disadv - Not as much flexibility, more into business aspect, taxes
Business structure - LLC adv and disadv
Adv - limited liability, protecting your personal assets, more freedom, easy to close and withdraw if you want
Disadv - most happen when there is more than 1 owner - taxes, withdrawal process
Purpose of structures - why should you care as a PT
Important to know what your boss is when you go to work for someone because will give you insight into their connection the company and how much they care about you
Purpose of organizational design
This is the plan part
Attain efficiency and effectiveness (quantity vs. quality)
Promote corporation and coordination
Arrange people and work into effective and efficient units
Factors that affect relationship between design and structure
Organizational size Organizational life cycle Strategy Environment Technology
Principles of organizational Design
1 - Human activity/labor 2 - Work coordination 3 - Authority and responsibility 4 - Unity of command 5 - Span of control 6 - Contingency factors
Principles of organizational Design - Human activity - Division of labor
Basis by which jobs are grouped together
- based on type of personnel, clinical expertise, job types
Organized by disciplines
Principles of organizational Design - Human activity - work coordination
Work standardization
Supervision
Mutual accommodation
Us being able to work across disciplines - ex: inpt rehab or long term care facilities
Principles of organizational Design - Authority and Responsibility
Authority - rights to make decisions and/or give orders and expect them to be followed
Responsibility - obligation to perform assigned activities (accountability)
Principles of organizational Design - Unity of command
One supervisor to whom a person directly reports
Chain of command
Principles of organizational Design - Span of control
Narrow - supervision of a few people, keeping it centralized
Wide - supervision of many people, expansive, decentralized
Principles of organizational Design - contingency factors
Mission - purpose, values Internal environment External environment Organization size Technology
Organizational chart is what
Diagram that shows structure of an organization
Shows the relationships and relative ranks of its positions
Helps to organize the workplace
Health care systems - integrated systems has what
network that coordinate care
Can be be horizontal - single specialty (ortho)
Can be vertical - full spectrum with more than one type (hospital)
Virtually - IT, EMR infrastructure
Mechanistic vs. Organic
Mechanical - more of the long standing, very structured, very sustained - more structure, more policies more set in their ways
Organic - more in the beginning stages, learning how to form, more of the I will do it because I am around, everyone working as a team with all hands on deck
Common forms of organizational structure
FUnctional
Divisional
Matrix
Common forms of organizational structure - Functional
Group positions into work units based on similar activities, skills, expertise, and resources
Ex - marketing, finance, human resources, rehab
Common forms of organizational structure - Divisional
Grouped on the basis of geographic markets, customers served, common products
Could be based on produce (specialization), geographic location, customer (specific needs)
Geographic is a common one
Common forms of organizational structure - Matrix
Tasks of organization are grouped along two dimensions
Product/service and geographic region
Common forms of organizational structure - Matrix - Positives
give you more of a broad picture and see how you relate back to that systems piece, if it is a small division like home care you have the opportunity to share and work across the units is positive
Sharing resources and capitalizing on someone else’s expertise is a positive aspect
Common forms of organizational structure - Matrix Adv
Adv:
- If you have limited resources, you can share or capitalize or capture some expertise across units
- Allocation of resources
- Eliminates duplication
Increases the accountability and some of the authority and responsibility things
Common forms of organizational structure - Matrix Disadv
If you needed more specialized people, might increase the need for specialized - harder to implement and make happen
If limited resources, is harder to implement
Common forms of organizational structure - Divisional Adv
Location specific so you can tailor
Narrow control
Decentralized
Common forms of organizational structure - Divsional Disadv
Inc duplication
If you are body of one - limited support or resources
Common forms of organizational structure - Functional - adv
You can share and support and be more efficient
Common forms of organizational structure - Functional Disadv
Limited support - if you are the only one out there, you will do it - that is your job
Organizational Design - Reorganization - Reasons to reorganize
Failure to meet standards Merger CHanges in market place Demands for customers Regulatory changes New services New leadership
Organizational Design - Reorganization - Functions affected by redesign
Employee relationships
Employee skill needs
Work division
Work processes and coordination
Patient centered medical home
Personal physician, directed team Person centered Care coordination Quality, safety , access Reduced cost
Accountable care organization
Hospital at the foundation
Performance and accountability
Coordinated care
Reduction in utilization and cost
