Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Animal Behaviour > Organization of nervous system 2 > Flashcards

Organization of nervous system 2 Flashcards

1
Q

flatworm (planarian) nervous system

A

nerve nets; longitudinal nerve cords; brain present, but other ganglia lacking; sensory structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

flatworm (planarian) sensory structures

A

pigment-cup type eyes; sensory cells on head responds to touch, temperature, light and water chemistry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

flatworm (planarian) behaviour

A

active predators and scavengers; wrap body around prey or impale prey with modified penis; regenerative ability; learning; sexual reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

flatworm’s pharynx

A

located in middle of ventral side; mouth at tip; extends into food, begins digestion externally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

differentiate food types (leaves vs stems) through trial and error

A

earthworms (annelids)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

example of annelid learning

A

show habituation to a stimulus such as light and touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Annelid nervous system

A

CNS; PNS; sensory structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Annelid CNS

A

brain; pair of ventral nerve cords; giant fibres; subesophageal ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Annelid PNS

A

on average 3 or 4 pairs of lateral nerves/ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

annelid brain

A

dorsal, anterior; involved in correlation of movement with external conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

annelid paait of ventral nerve cords

A

in most annelids, two cords fused; typically on ganglionic swelling/segment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

PNS

A

peripheral nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

annelid sensory structures

A

dispersed photo- and chemoreceptors; mechanoreceptors; statocysts; eyes may be present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

annelid eye capabilities (when present)

A

determine light intensity and light source; some capable of image formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

arthropod behaviour in a nut shell

A

primarily innate behaviour with many reflex actions and stero-typed stimulus-bound behaviour yet capable of complex behaviours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Examples of arthropod behaviour

A

predation, migration, courtship strategies, sociality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

capable of classical conditioning to positive and negative stimuli

A

arthropods

18
Q

tool construction and use, self-medication, farming

A

arthropods

19
Q

arthropod nervous system

A

CNS; PNS; sensory structures

20
Q

arthropod CNS

A

dorsal, anterior brain; ventral nerve cord with ganglia; may have medial and lateral giant fibres; subesophageal ganglion

21
Q

arthropod PNS

A

on average 2-4 pairs of lateral nerves/ganglion

22
Q

arthropod sensory sturctures

A

simple and compound eyes; auditory system; chemoreceptors; mechanoreceptors; gravitational organs

23
Q

greater diversity of receptors than vertebrates

A

arthropods e.g. humidity receptors, strain receptors, osmotic receptors

24
Q

show reflex behaviour, simple conditioning, habituation, learning, and in some, reasoning

A

molluscs

25
Q

can learn a T-maze and remember is for a month

A

snails

26
Q

greatest cephalization of all invertebrates

A

cephalopods

27
Q

mollusc nervous system

A

specialization of ganglia, including brain regions (lobes); reduction of nerve cords

28
Q

organism repeatedly and at regular intervals exposed to stimulus of constant strength –> responds less and less vigourously and eventually not at all

A

habituation

29
Q

dishabituation

A

immediate recovery of response upon delivery of a strong stimulus of a different type

30
Q

characteristics of habituation

A

spontaneous recovery; dishabituation

31
Q

learning

A

change in behaviour due to experience

32
Q

gill-withdrawal reflex (Aplysia)

A

stimulus –> sensory neuron –> transmitter release –> motor neuron –> gill withdrawal

33
Q

gill-withdrawal reflex habituation

A

repeated stimulus –> sensory neuron –> decreased transmitter release –> motor neuron –> decreased or no withdrawal

34
Q

gill-withdrawal reflex dishabituation

A

serotonin –> sensory neuron –> increased transmitter release

35
Q

Mediterranean octopus

A

observational learning; associative learning and long-term memory

36
Q

observational learning in Mediterranean octopus

A

some octopods can open jar, other can’t; octopus that can’t open jar will learn how by observing con-specific that can

37
Q

associative learning and long-term memory in Mediterranean octopus

A

provide food reward or negative stimulus during presentation of human faces; after 6 months, octopus remembers event and shows predictive response to each image

38
Q

Mollusc CNS (tendency towards)

A

fusion; reduction of ventral nerve cords; subdivision of ganglia into lobes; specialized ganglia; increased brain volume

39
Q

Mollusc sense organs

A

eyes (highly developed in cephalopods); chemoreceptors; mechanoreceptors

40
Q

mollusc chemoreceptors

A

general chemical receptors; chemotactile receptors; distance chemoreceptors (olfaction)

41
Q

mollusc mechanoreceptors

A

statocysts; touch and pressure receptors; lateral line analogue in some cephalopods

Animal Behaviour (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions