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Comp Theory > Organization and structure of data > Flashcards

Organization and structure of data Flashcards

1
Q

what is the denary system

A

it is a number system with a base value of 10. it counts in multiples of ten

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2
Q

what is the binary system

A

a number system with a base of 2 it counts in the multiples of 2

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3
Q

define bit

A

the unit of memory that is used to store a binary digit

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4
Q

define nibble

A

the unit of memory that is used to store 4 binary digits

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5
Q

what is an overflow error

A

an error that occurs when the maximum storage capacity of a register is exceeded

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6
Q

what is a character set

A

it is a complete set of all characters along with their codes

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7
Q

how many bits represent a character in ASCII code

A

7

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8
Q

how many different characters are represented in ASCII code

A

127

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9
Q

how many bits represent a character in extended ASCII code

A

8

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10
Q

How many different characters are represented in Extended ASCII code

A

256

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11
Q

How many different characters are represented in Unicode

A

several billions of characters

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12
Q

How many bits represent a character in Unicode

A

8 - 32

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13
Q

Which of the these is the industrial standard for encoding characters: ASCII, extended ASCII, Unicode

A

Unicode

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14
Q

True or False: ASCII codes also represent characters used in European languages

A

False. ASCII codes represent characters used in English only

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15
Q

True or False: Extended ASCII codes also represent characters used in European languages

A

True

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16
Q

True or False: ASCII codes for the characters and symbols remain unchanged in Unicode

A

True

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17
Q

True or False: Unicode allocates character codes for English and European languages only

A

False. Unicode allocates character codes for languages all over the world

18
Q

What is data structure

A

A collection of data structured together in a specific format is called a data structure

19
Q

Why are variables not enough for real-life programming

A

Real-life programs need to handle tens of thousands of pieces of data. To handle large amounts of data, it is impossible to store each piece of data in a separate variable

20
Q

List a few types of data structures

A

Linear and non-linear
Homogenous and non-homogenous
Static and dynamic

21
Q

State a few characteristics of arrays

A

Arrays are linear, homogenous and static data structures

22
Q

True or False: All the data elements in an array should be of the same data type

A

True

23
Q

What programming structure is used to input and output data in arrays

A

Iteration

24
Q

What is an analogue signal

A

Information in the form of continuous varying data is an analogue signal

25
Q

What is sampling

A

Sampling is the process that converts analogue sound into discrete digital data that can be stored in a computer

26
Q

What factors affect the audio quality of digital sound

A

Sampling rate, bit depth
and bit rate

27
Q

What is a sampling rate

A

The sampling rate is the number of samples taken per second

28
Q

True or false: The higher the sampling rate, the higher the sound detail

A

True

29
Q

What is bit depth

A

Bit depth is the number of bits available for each sample

30
Q

What is PCM

A

PCM is the process for digitizing a sound file and creating an uncompressed file

31
Q

What is a bit rate

A

Bit rate is the number of bits of data used to store data sampled every second

32
Q

How is the bit rate calculated

A

Bit rate=Sampling rate × bit depth × channels

33
Q

True or False: The more the bit rate the higher the file size

A

True

34
Q

How is a file size of an audio file calculated

A

File size (bits) =bit rate× number of seconds

35
Q

What are vectors

A

A type of image that uses coordinates and geometrical shapes such as lines and curves to define an image

36
Q

What happens to image quality when vectors are scaled

A

Image quality is not lost

37
Q

How are vector images displaye

A

A vector image is rasterised or converted to a grid of pixels for display

38
Q

What is colour depth

A

Colour depth is the number of bits used to indicate different colours of a pixel

39
Q

True or False: With the increase in colour depth, the size of the file decreases

A

False. With the increase in colour depth, the size of the file also increases

40
Q

What is resolution

A

Resolution is the number of pixels or dots in a unit

Comp Theory (10 decks)

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