Organisms And Energy Flashcards
Whats aerobic respiration
When oxygen is taken in by the lungs and used to react with glucose to create co2, water and energy
How does aerobic respiration Work
Air goes into lungs and oxygen diffuses into capillaries, then in the blood stream where it reacts with Glucose and creates energy and 2 waste products, water and c02
What is diffusion
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area with low concentration. E.g O2 diffused into bloodstream from alveoli
When is anaerobic respiration used
When the body can’t get enough oxygen so anerobic respiration is used as it doesn’t need oxygen to produce energy as the glucose reacts on its own to form less energy and lactic acid. We then continue to be puffed out after the exercise because we need the oxygen to break Down the lactic acid
What is epoc and what does it mean
Epoc means excess post-exercise oxygen consumption which is often referred to as oxygen debt and the require meant of additional oxygen to break down the lactic acid after exercise which is why we breath heavily and have a high pulse after we finish exercise
What the formulae forcardiac output
Stroke volume x heart rate
What is the word equation for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + water -energy from sunlight-> glucose + oxygen
Adaptations of a leaf and what they are for
High surface area for getting sunlight
Chloroplasts for photosynthesis
Stomata on underside to allow c02 in when there is sunlight to create energy and to release O2
What are root hair cells
They are cells in the root that absorb salts, water and minerals, they have a high surface area so the can absorb as much as they can.
What is osmosis
The movement of water through the plant, the water goes through a partially permeable membrane that only lets water molecules through. They move through the concentration gradient like diffusion and as water diffuses thought the stomata in leaves, the concentration in the leaf lowers so the the water moves up the plant and back into the leaf. E.g. Water moving into root hair cells to support the plant and in photosynthesis
What is active transport
The movement of substances such as salts ands minerals from the low concentration to the high such as from the dirt to the root, this requires energy to go against the concentration graduating. E.g magnesium being transported into root hair cells to build chlorophyll molecules
Plant transport systems
Once water and minerals are in the plant, they need to move through the plant, they move through cells Calle xylem, these are long tube like cells.
How do plants stay upright
When the xylem cells die, they form hollow tubes in the plant that provide structural support.
What happened in respiration
The release of energy from food molecules to act as food for the cell
Formula for photosynthesis
Water + CO2 + sun –> Glucose + O2
