Organisation of the organism Flashcards

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1
Q

Cytoplasm

A

found inside the cell and contains all the other cell structures

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2
Q

The large nucleus is surrounded by a

A

nuclear membrane to separate it from the
cytoplasm

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3
Q

The cell membrane surrounds the

A

cell

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4
Q

The cell wall is made of

A

cellulose and surrounds the cell membrane in plant cells

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5
Q

Chloroplasts

A

organelles found in the cytoplasm that are packed with the pigment chlorophyll and so are green in colour

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6
Q

Vacuoles

A

are large vesicles that take up a large part of the interior of plant cell

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7
Q

Mitochondria

A

singular: mitochondrion) are organelles found throughout the cytoplasm

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8
Q

Ribosome

A

are tiny structures that can be free within the cytoplasm or attached to a system of membranes within the cell known as Endoplasmic Reticulum

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9
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum

A

studded with ribosomes looks rough under the microscope; this gives rise to its name of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
(R.E.R.)

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10
Q

Vesicles

A

also be seen using a higher magnification – these are small
circular structures found moving throughout the cytoplasm

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11
Q

Nucleus function

A

Contains genetic material in chromosomes which
Control how cells grow and work
Controls cell division

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12
Q

Cytoplasm function

A

supports cell structures
site of many chemical reactions
contains water and many solute

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13
Q

Cell membrane function

A

holds the cell together
controls substances entering and leaving the cell

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14
Q

Cell wall function

A

gives the cell extra support and defines its shape

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15
Q

Chloroplast function

A

site of photosynthesis, providing food for plants
the chlorophyll pigments absorb light energy needed for the reaction to
occur

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16
Q

Vacuoles function

A

contains cell sap
used for storage of certain materials
also helps support the shape of the cell

17
Q

Mitochondria function

A

site of aerobic respiration, providing energy for the cell
cells with high rates of metabolism (carrying out many different cell reactions) will have significantly higher numbers of mitochondria than cells with lower numbers of reactions taking place in them

18
Q

Ribosomes function

A

site of protein production in protein synthesis

19
Q

Vesicles function

A

used to safely transport substances from one part of the cell to another

20
Q

New cells are produced by

A

division of existing cells.

21
Q

Specialized cells have

A

specific functions

22
Q

ciliated cells

A

movement of mucus in the trachea and bronchi

23
Q

root hair cells

A

absorption

24
Q

palisade mesophyll cells

A

photosynthesis

25
Q

neurons

A

conduction of electrical impulses

26
Q

red blood cells

A

transport of oxygen

27
Q

sperm and egg cells (gametes)

A

reproduction

28
Q

sperm and egg cells (gametes)

A

reproduction

29
Q

Magnification =

A

image size/ actual size

30
Q

1mm =

A

1000μm