Biological molecules Flashcards

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1
Q

Carbohydrates and fats are made up of

A

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

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2
Q

Proteins are made up of

A

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen

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3
Q

Starch, glycogen, and cellulose are made from

A

glucose

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4
Q

Proteins are made from

A

amino acids

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5
Q

Fats and oils are made from

A

3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol.

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6
Q

starch test

A

take few drops of sample on a white tile, add a drop of iodine solution. observe the color change from orange- brown to blue black confirming the presence of starch

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7
Q

protein test

A

take a knwon volume of sample, add few drops of buirette solution. observe the color change
a) blue to lilac ( traces )
b) blue to purple ( low concentration )
c) blue to violet ( high concentration)

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8
Q

vitamin C test

A

add 1cm³ of DCPIP solution in a test tube, add small amount of sample. observe the color of blue color disappearing

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9
Q

Fat test (lipids)

A

take sample in a test tube, add ethanol until you get a clear solution. add few drops of distilled water. if the solution turns cloudy or milky confirms the presence of fats

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10
Q

reducing sugars ( glucose ) test

A

take a known volume of sample, add equal volume of benedicts solution, heat using a thermostatically controlled digital water bath at 80°C. observe the color change
a) blue to green ( traces )
b) blue to yellow ( low concentration)
c) blue to orange ( mild concentration)
d) blue to brick red ( high concentration)

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11
Q

Structure of DNA:

A

Two strands coiled together to form a double helix
Each strand contains chemicals called bases
Bonds between pairs of bases hold the strands together
The bases always pair up in the same way: A with T, and C with G

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