Organisation of the Cerebral Cortex Flashcards
Recall the composition of each of the layers of the neocortex
1: local fibres connecting different parts of cortex, neuropil
2+3. small pyramidal neurons
4. stellate neurons
5 + 6. large pyramidal neurons
Describe the structural organisation of the visual cortex
Has an extra layer (“striate cortex due to extra layer of white matter)
Describe the function and organisation of the visual cortex
Ventral pathway: form and colour perception
Dorsal pathway: spatial relationship and movement perception
Recall the function of the parietal lobe
Sensory
Recall the function of the temporal lobe
language, memory, emotion
Recall the function of the frontal lobe
behavioural
What are the 2 speech areas in the brain?
Brocka’s area
Wernicke’s area
Recall the types of fibre present in white matter in the brain
Association fibres, commisural fibres, projection fibres
Recall the functions of each of the fibres in the white matter
Association: connect areas in same hemisphere
Commisural: connect hemispheres (mainly corpus callosum)
Projection: motor
Why is callostomy an effective treatment for severe epilepsy?
Corpus callosum facilitates spread of epileptic activity between hemispheres
Recall 3 symptoms of temporal lobe lesions
- Agnosia
- Receptive aphasia
- Anterograde amnesia
Recall 3 symptoms of frontal lobe lesions
Deficits in planning + inappropriate behaviour
Recall a non-invasive method of mapping brain circuitry
Magnetoencephalography and evoked R potentials
Recall 3 invasive methods of measuring brain structure
fMRI
PET
Diffusion tensor imaging
What is used to carry out fMRI?
Glucose-ligands that measure metabolism
