Organisation In Animals

Question 1

Name the 5 levels of organization in living organisms

Answer 1

Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ systems
Organisms

Question 2

What is a tissue

Answer 2

A group of cells with similar structure and functions

Question 3

What is an organ

Answer 3

A group of tissues working together to perform a specific function

Question 4

What is the function of bile in digestion

Answer 4

Neutralize hydrochloric acid from the stomach and emulsify fat to form small droplets with a large surface area

Question 5

What is the function of saliva in digestion

Answer 5

Lunrication to help swallowing contains amylase to break down stretch

Question 6

Name 3 enzymes produced in the pancreas

Answer 6

Amylase, protease, lipase

Question 7

Name the four name components of blood

Answer 7

Red blood cells
White blood cells
Plasma
Platelets

Question 8

What is the function of platelets

Answer 8

Form blood clots to prevent blood loss and stop wounds being infected

Question 9

Name the substances transported in the blood plasma

Answer 9

Hormones
Proteins
Urea
Carbon dioxide
Glucose

Question 10

Why is the human circulatory system described as a double circulatory system

Answer 10

Blood passes through the heart twice for every circuit around the body
Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right side of the heart to the lungs, and the oxygenated blood that returns from the lungs is pumped from the left side of the heart to the body

Question 11

How does the structure of an artery relate to its function

Answer 11

Carrie’s blood away from the heart under high pressure
Small linen and thick elastic aged walls that can stretch

Question 12

How does the structure of a vein relate to its function

Answer 12

Carrie’s blood back to the heart at low pressure
Dosent need thick elastic stead walls but has valves preventing back flow

Question 13

How does the structure of a capillary relate to its function

Answer 13

Carrie’s blood to cells and tissues
Has a one cell thick wall to provide a short diffusion distance

Question 14

List the structures air passes through when breathing in

Answer 14

Mouth
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli

Question 15

What is the function of plasma

Answer 15

Transports blood cells

Question 16

Blood is an example of a tissue. Suggest why

Answer 16

It is a group of similar cells working together

Question 17

Give an example of tissue

Answer 17

Blood

Question 18

What does a valve do

Answer 18

Prevents blood flowing backwards into the right atrium

Question 19

Humans have a double circulatory system. Describe what this means

Answer 19

One transport system Carrie’s blood from the heart to the lungs to allow gas exchange
The second system transports blood around the body to enable cells to respire

Question 20

Which changes take place in an athletes chest cavity over a period of time

Answer 20

Rib cage moves up and out
Diaphragm contracts and moves down

Question 21

What is the nutrients which uses ethanol and the result is a formation of a cloudy white layer

Answer 21

Fats

Question 22

If the test for starch turns yellow orange is it a positive test

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

If the test for sugar using bendicts solution turns blue is the test positive

Answer 23

No

Question 24

If the tedt for protein using biuret regent turns purple is the test positive

Answer 24

Yes

Question 25

Blood in the artieries is usually bright red because it is full of oxygen identify the artery where this is not true

Answer 25

Pulmonary artery

Question 26

Why is blood in the pulmonary artery not bright red

Answer 26

Takes blood from heart to the lungs

Question 27

Give two reasons why it is important that blood is transported to every cell in the body

Answer 27

To provide the cell with oxygen To remove waste products

Question 28

The alveoli are adapted to allow as much oxygen to enter the body as possible Describe two ways the alveoli are adapted for gas exchange

Answer 28

Large surface area Thin walls

Question 29

Describe the changes that take place in the chest cavity when a person breathes in

Answer 29

Ribs move up and out Diaphragm moves down Muscles between ribs contract

Question 30

Identify one organ that is responsible for absorbing water from indigested food

Answer 30

Large intestine

Question 31

What is the function of muscular tissue

Answer 31

Churns digestive juices and food of the stomach together

Question 32

What’s the function of the glandular tissue

Answer 32

Produces the digestive juices

Question 33

What is the function of the epithelial tissue

Answer 33

Confers the inside and outside of the stomach

Question 34

A student was provided with an unknown good sample and the following apparatus: Test tubes Benedict’s solution Water bath Biuret reagent Iodine Ethanol Explain the the student could test the food sample for the presence of startch, sugar, fats and protein

Answer 34

Place food sample into each four test tubes Add a few drops of distilled water Add a few drops of iodine to one sample If colour changes yellow orange to black blue stretch is present Add a few drops of Benedict’s solution If colour change from blue to brick red sugar is present Add a few drops of biuret reagent If colour changes blue to purple protein is present Add a few drops of ethanol If cloudy later form fats are present

Question 35

List the structures air passes through when breathing in

Answer 35

Mouth Trachea Bronchi Bronchioles Alveoli

Question 36

How are villi adapted for exchanging substances

Answer 36

1 cell thick membrane for short diffusion pathway Good blood supply maintains steep concentration gradient Long and thin walls for increased surface area