Organisation (biology) Flashcards
Cells are the
Building blocks of life
Tissues are
groups of similar cells working together to perform a specific function
Organs are
Group of different tissues that work together to perform a specific function
White blood cells….
Fight infections
Bigger than red blood cells
Platelets help…
Blood clot at the site of a wound
Protect new skin
Stops bacteria entering the wound
Stops you bleeding to death
Name 2 adaptations of the red blood cell
Bio concave- disc like shape, this means it maximises the surface area for oxygen to disuse across
No nucleus means the cell can carry more haemoglobin
Mechanical digestion is…
The digestion that:
Breaks food into smaller parts
Increases surface area of food , benefits the enzymes
Occurs in 2 ways CHEWING and PERISTALSIS (which is the walls of the stomach / small intestine contracting)
Chemical digestion includes:
Large insoluble molecules-> smaller soluble ones
Enzymes require to chemically change the food
An example of a carbohydrase is ……… . This breaks down starch a common carbohydrate.
Amalyse
When you breathe in the Diaphragm........ Ribs move..... Intercostal muscles ..... Pressure
The diaphragm contracts
The ribs move outwards
Inter coastal muscles contract
Pressure increases
How are the alveoli adapted?
- large surface area (diffusion occur quickly)
- only 1 cell thick (increases diffusion rate)
- surrounded by network of capillaries (allows gas to pass directly between lungs and bloodstream
- moist (gas molecules dissolve easily)
- large surface area (large amounts of gas exchanges with each breath)
Stomata are…
Small holes on the underside of leaves. Allow plants to take in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.
Guard cells surround each stomata. They help regulate the rate of ………… They open and close the …….
Transpiration
Stomata
What does the waxy cuticle do?
Protects the leaf and reduces rate of water loss
The xylem carries…
Water Made of dead cells No cytoplasms Transports water and minerals Flow is upwards
