Organisation Flashcards
What is a cell?
a basic structural and functional unit of an organism
What is a tissue?
a group of cells with a similar function/structure working together.
What are organs?
a group of tissues working together for a similar function.
What is an organ system?
a group of organs that work together to perform specific functions.
What was a sperm cell?
carries genetic info to the egg. lots of mitochondria to release the energy for movement. long tail and streamlined shape to allow movement.
What is a xylem?
carries water from the roots to the leaves. long hollow tubes to allow movement of water.
What is a muscle cell?
contracts and relaxes to allow movement. lots of mitochondria to release the energy to contract and relax.
What is a palisade cell?
found in the leaf. photosynthesis takes place here. lots of chloroplasts to absorb sunlight for photosynthesis.
What is a root hair cell?
absorbs water and minerals from the soil. root hair gives it a larger surface area.
What is a nerve cell (neurone)?
sends electrical impulses around the body. long axon so electrical impulses can be sent a long way.
What is a phloem?
carries sugar (glucose) around the plant. sieve plates to allow easy movement of sugar.
What does the mouth do?
mechanical digestion (chewing with teeth), mechanical digestion (tongue rolls food around), chemical digestion (saliva)
What does the oesophagus do?
peristalsis (muscle movement) pushes food down to the stomach.
What does a stomach do?
mechanical digestion (muscles churn the food), chemical digestion (acid kills bacteria in food), chemical digestion (enzymes)
What does the small intestine do?
Peristalsis pushes food along its length; absorption of the most nutrients happens here.
What does the large intestine do?
where absorption of water happens.
What does the rectum do?
stores faeces.
What does the anus do?
removal of faeces?
What do the salivary glands do?
produces saliva containing enzymes.
What does the liver do?
produces bile needed for lipid emulsification.
What does the gall bladder do?
stores bile
What does the pancreas do?
produces enzymes that are secreted into the small intestine.
What does the appendix do?
does nothing.
What is the heart?
belongs to the circulatory system. tissues found in it are cardiac muscle, valves, epithelial, nerves. It pumps blood around the body.
