Organisation

Question 1

What is a tissue

Answer 1

A group of cells with a similar structure and formation

Question 2

What is an organ

Answer 2

A group of tissues working together for a specific function

Question 3

What is a group of organs called

Answer 3

Organ system

Question 4

What three things does the body contain

Answer 4

Carbohydrates proteins and lipids (fats)

Question 5

What is the first stage of digestion

Answer 5

First food is chewed in the mouth. Enzymes in the saliva begin to digest

Question 6

What is the second stage of digestion

Answer 6

Food then passes down the oesophagus into the stomach where enzymes from the pancreas and the liver begin the digestion of proteins in hydrochloric acid

Question 7

What is the third stage of digestion

Answer 7

Food passes to the small intestine and enzymes from the walls continue digestion

Question 8

What is the fourth stage of digestion

Answer 8

The broken down food molecules are absorbed into the bloodstream either by diffusion or active transport

Question 9

What is the last stage of digestion

Answer 9

Faeces is pooed out of the body

Question 10

What does bile do

Answer 10

Increases the digestion of lipids and neutralises the acid in the stomach

Question 11

What happens in the digestive system

Answer 11

Large food molecules are digested into smaller molecules and then the products of digestion are absorbed into the bloodstream

Question 12

Enzymes are a catalyst which means what

Answer 12

They speed up the reaction

Question 13

What is the active site of an enzyme

Answer 13

Where the substrate touches to

Question 14

What is the enzyme for proteins

Answer 14

Proteases

Question 15

What is the enzyme for carbohydrates

Answer 15

Carbohydrases

Question 16

What is the enzyme for lipids

Answer 16

Lipase

Question 17

What is the effect of temperature on pH and enzymes and why

Answer 17

As we increase the temperature the activity of the enzyme increases Because there are more collisions per second between the substrate and the active site

Question 18

What does optimum mean

Answer 18

Where the maximum frequency of a successful collisions take place

Question 19

How big is the small intestines

Answer 19

5 m

Question 20

What was the benefit of having a big small intestine

Answer 20

Large surface area for absorption

Question 21

What is the job of the Villi

Answer 21

They have a good blood supply which increases concentration gradient and increase the surface area of the small intestine

Question 22

What is an advantage of the thin membrane

Answer 22

Insures the short diffusion path

Question 23

What is the heart

Answer 23

The heart is an organ made from muscle tissue

Question 24

What are the four chambers in the heart called

Answer 24

Left ventricle, right ventricle (at the bottom of the heart) left atrium, right atrium (top of the heart)

Question 25

What does the vena cava do

Answer 25

Brings oxygenated blood from the body

Question 26

How does the oxygenated blood get to the lungs

Answer 26

It’s pass from the heart to the lungs by the pulmonary arteries

Question 27

How’s the blood pumped from the heart

Answer 27

By the aorta

Question 28

What do arteries do

Answer 28

Carry very high pressure blood from the heart to organs

Question 29

What is an adaptation of the arteries

Answer 29

Thick muscular walls to withstand pressure

Question 30

What are capillaries

Answer 30

When blood passes through capillaries substances such as glucose and oxygen diffuses from the blood to the cells and CO2 diffuses back

Question 31

What does plasma do

Answer 31

Transports dissolved substances around the body glucose and CO2 and urea

Question 32

What do red blood cells do

Answer 32

Red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs to the body cells and carry haemoglobin

Question 33

What do white blood cells do

Answer 33

Form part of the immune system making antibodies

Question 34

What do platelets do

Answer 34

They are tiny fragments of cells and help the blood to clot

Question 35

What is a adaptation of trachea

Answer 35

It contains rings of cartilage to stop collapsing

Question 36

What does the trachea lead into

Answer 36

It’s split to form bronchi then divide again into bronchioles and then in tiny air sacs called alveoli

Question 37

What is an adaptation of alveoli

Answer 37

There are millions of them which means the lungs have a huge surface area, They have very thin walls, and very good blood supply

Question 38

What is a benign tumour

Answer 38

Their growth of abnormal cells found in one area contained in a membrane, they do not invade other parts of the body

Question 39

What is a malignant tumour

Answer 39

Cells that invade neighbouring tissues and move to the bloodstream, spreading and forming secondary tumours

Question 40

What are examples of genetic cancers

Answer 40

Breast, prostate, large intestine

Question 41

What is an example of a cancer caused by lifestyle

Answer 41

Lungs, skin, mouth and throat

Question 42

What are communicable diseases

Answer 42

Communicable disease spreads person-to-person by pathogen such as bacteria

Question 43

What are noncommunicable diseases

Answer 43

Cannot spread and are caused by risk factors

Question 44

What’s the definition of health

Answer 44

Physical and mental well-being

Question 45

What does exercise help do

Answer 45

Decreases the risk of cardiovascular diseases

Question 46

What’s the job of the upper epidermis

Answer 46

It’s transparent to let light through to get to the photosynthetic cells below

Question 47

What’s in the palisade mesophyll

Answer 47

Packed full of chloroplast

Question 48

What in the spongy mesophyll

Answer 48

CO2 diffuses from stomata to palisade cells