Cells

Question 1

What is a eukaryotic cell

Answer 1

Eukaryotic cell is a cell that has the genetic material enclosed in a nucleus

Question 2

What is a prokaryotic cell

Answer 2

A cell with genetic material not enclosed in a nucleus

Question 3

What two cells are eukaryotic cells

Answer 3

Plant and animal cells

Question 4

What cell is prokaryotic

Answer 4

Bacterial

Question 5

What size is a typical human cell

Answer 5

10 to 20 micrometers

Question 6

How do you convert metres to micrometres

Answer 6

1 m is 1,000,000 mm

Question 7

How do you convert 1 m to nanometres

Answer 7

1 m is 1,000,000,000 nm

Question 8

For every order of magnitude by how much is each one greater than before

Answer 8

10 times more

Question 9

How much is three orders of magnitude

Answer 9

1000

Question 10

What is the function of the cytoplasm

Answer 10

A watery solution where chemical reactions take place

Question 11

What is the function of the cell membrane

Answer 11

It controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 12

What is the function of the mitochondria

Answer 12

Where anaerobic respiration takes place

Question 13

What are the functions of ribosomes

Answer 13

The site of protein synthesis 

Question 14

What do you plant cells and animal cells have in common

Answer 14

Nucleus, ribosomes, cell membranes, mitochondria, and cytoplasm 

Question 15

What is the function of the chloroplast

Answer 15

Contains the green pigment chlorophyll the site of photosynthesis

Question 16

What is the cell wall made of

Answer 16

Celulose

Question 17

What is the permanent vacuole filled with

Answer 17

Cell sap

Question 18

What is the stage on the microscope and where is it

Answer 18

The stage is where the slide is put on and it is above a light and underneath the microscope

Question 19

What are the three magnifications

Answer 19

4 x, 10 x, 40 x

Question 20

What does the course focusing dial do

Answer 20

It increases the distance between objective lens and the slide

Question 21

What does the fine focusing dialled do

Answer 21

It brings the cells into focus

Question 22

What are some disadvantages of light microscopes

Answer 22

They have limited magnification and they have limited resolution

Question 23

How do you workout magnification

Answer 23

Magnification=size of image/size of real object

Question 24

What are chromosomes made from

Answer 24

DNA

Question 25

How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have

Answer 25

23 pairs

Question 26

What do chromosomes do

Answer 26

Chromosomes carry genes

Question 27

What is the first stage of mitosis

Answer 27

The DNA replicates to form two copies of each chromosome

Question 28

What is the second stage of mitosis

Answer 28

One set of chromosomes is pulled each end of the cell, the nucleus divides

Question 29

What is the final stage of mitosis

Answer 29

The cell divides to form two identical cells

Question 30

What are the functions of mitosis

Answer 30

Mitosis is essential for growth and repair

Question 31

What can stem cells do

Answer 31

Stem cells are capable of differentiating into any type of body cell

Question 32

What is diffusion

Answer 32

The spreading out of particles resulting in the net movement from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration

Question 33

If there is a high concentration of oxygen outside the cell and a low concentration of oxygen in the cell what happens

Answer 33

The oxygen on the outside of the cell will diffuse into the cell

Question 34

What is Urea

Answer 34

Urea Is a waste product inside of cells

Question 35

What is osmosis

Answer 35

Osmosis is the movement of particles from dilute concentration to a concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane

Question 36

What is a partially permeable membrane

Answer 36

It allows small molecules to pass through

Question 37

Explain the required practical for osmosis

Answer 37

First you must peel the potato And use a cork borer to produce three cylinders with the same diameter. Then use a scalpel to make them all the same length, then measure the length and mass, place into the test tube and fill the first tube with 0.5 molar sugar solution and the next with 0.25 molar sugar solution and the last with distilled water. Then leave overnight roll on paper towel and Measure percentage change.

Question 38

How do you workout percentage change

Answer 38

Percentage change = change in value/original value X 100

Question 39

What is active transport

Answer 39

Active transport is the movement of substances from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution