Organic Voice Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Organic Voice Disorders can be separated into two categories:

A

disease or congenital/trauma

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2
Q

There are three causes to granulomas or ulcers:

A
  • GERD* or LPR
  • Phonotrauma*
  • Intubation Trauma*

*Form on the medial aspect of the posterior third of the vocal folds
*usually unilateral but can be bilateral

*variable glottic closure (mucosal wave decreased)

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3
Q

Excessive medial compression of posterior glottis during low pitched phonation, hard glottal attacks, increased loudness, throat clearing and coughing

A

Phonotrauma

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4
Q

Stomach acid and enzymes which affect the VF tissue

A

GERD/ LPR

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5
Q

trauma to VFs due to the endotracheal tube rubbing

A

Intubation

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6
Q

What is this?

A

Granuloma

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7
Q

Perceptual:

_____ pitch, ______, hoarse, _______

A

low, vocal fry, breathy

*Granuloma

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8
Q

Acoustic:

___ habitual pitch, ________ frequency and intensity perturbations

A

low, increased

*Granuloma

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9
Q

Causes VF edema, erythmea, arytenoid and posterior commissure hypertrophy, pachydermia (thickening tissue between the arytenoids)

A

Reflux Laryngitis

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10
Q

All of the following are symptoms of GERD/LPR except for:

A.) heartburn

B.) rapid vocal fatigue

C.) chronic, dry cough

D.) Acid taste in mouth

E.) All of the above

A

E - all of the above

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11
Q

Perceptual:

hoarseness, breathiness, decreased habitual pitch

A

Reflux Laryngitis

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12
Q

Acoustic:

increased noise levels, increased frequency and intensity perturbations

A

Reflux Laryngitis

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13
Q

Inflammatory response of the larynx due to a viral or bacterial infection

A

Infectious Laryngitis

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14
Q

Perceptual:

total or partial voice loss, hoarseness, breathiness, low pitch

A

Infectious Laryngitis

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15
Q

Caused by the Human Papiloma-Virus, wart-like growths, two-types (Juvenile and Adult),

A

Laryngeal Papiloma

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16
Q

Perceptual:

hoarseness, breathiness, strained

A

Laryngeal Papiloma

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17
Q

Acoustic & Aerodynamics:

no data; due to increased stiffness of vocal fold subglottal pressure

A

Laryngeal Papiloma

18
Q

Videostroboscopic:

incomplete glottic closure, absent mucosal wave, increased VF mass and stiffness

A

Laryngeal Papiloma

19
Q

What’s this?

A

Laryngeal Papilloma

20
Q

Congenital or acquired post-surgery or after Laryngeal Trauma

A

Laryngeal Web

*Web is a band of tissue that forms in the anterior 1/3 of glottis

*Inhalatory stridor may be present, shortness of breath and high-pitched crying in infants

21
Q

What’s this?

A

Laryngeal Web

22
Q

soft laryngeal cartilages, may collapse into airway on inhalation, resolves with maturation

A

Laryngomalacia

23
Q

Videostroboscopic:

collapse of laryngeal cartillages in inspiration, floppy arytenoid cartilages, excessive AC mucosa

A

Laryngomalacia

24
Q

More common in boys than girls, autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, on posterior portion of cricoid cartilage causing narrowing of airway

A

Laryngeal Cleft

25
Q

Narrowing of the tissue below the glottis, third most common congenial condition

Symptoms:

inspiratory and expiratory stridor, dyspnea, low pitch cough, nostril flaring, excessive chest wall movement

A

Subglottic Stenosis

26
Q

Pre-cancerious lesions due to constant irritation of the Vocal Folds from smoking, reflux, alcohol, etc.

A
  • leukoplakia (*plaque-like whitish patches)
  • hyperkeratosis (*warty lesions)
27
Q

Videostroboscopic:

increased VF mass and stiffness, decreases mucosal wave and amplitude, irregular glottic closure, aperiodicity

A

leukoplakia/hyperkeratosis

*voice is hoarse and rough

28
Q

What’s this?

A

hyperkeratosis

29
Q

What’s this?

A

Leukoplakia

30
Q

A longitudinal groove or indentation in the upper edge of the VFs that parallels the free margins

A

Sulcus Vocalis

31
Q

True or False: The etiology for Sulcus Vocalis is defined

A
  • False -* The etiology for Sulcus Vocalis is undefined, but may be
  • congenital
  • related to phonotrauma
  • related to smoking
  • due to a ruptured cyst
32
Q

How many classification types are there for Sulcus Vocalis?

A

Two types:

Type I - entire VF length into SLP only

Type II a - entire VF length includes SLP up to the VL (moderate dysphonia)

Type II b - entire SLP and VL and may involve TA muscle (severe dysphonia)

33
Q

Perceptual:

hoarse, breathy, sometimes effortful

A

Sulcus Vocalis

34
Q

`Videostroboscopic:

incomplete glottic closure, spindle shaped, decreased mucosal wave and amplitude of vibration, increased VF stiffness but decreased mass

A

Sulcus Vocalis

35
Q

What’s this?

A

Sulcus Vocalis

36
Q

malignant squamous cell carcinomas and can be supraglottic, glottic, and/or subglottic

A

Laryngeal Cancer

37
Q

Perceptual:

chronic hoarseness, lump in the neck, swallowing problems, neck tenderness, pain during swallowing

A

Laryngeal Cancer

38
Q

True or False: Typically occurs to 60-65 year old males who happen to be heavy smokers and intake alcohol moderately

A

Laryngeal Cancer

39
Q

Acoustic:

increased frequecy/intensity perturbations, decreased pitch range, possibly increased fundamental frequency, increased noise levels

A

Laryngeal Cancer

40
Q

Aerodynamic:

increased airflow

A

Laryngeal Cancer

41
Q

What’s this?

A

Laryngeal Cancer

42
Q
A