Organic synthesis reactions

Question 1

How do you turn an amide into an amine?

Answer 1

Use LiAlH4 or you can use hydrogen gas and a nickel catalyst

Question 2

Making amides from acyl chlorides

Answer 2

Add ammonia

Question 3

Converting alkenes into alcohols

Answer 3

Concentrated phosphoric acid, high temperature, high pressure and steam

Question 4

Aldehydes into alcohols

Answer 4

Use LiAlH4 or NaBH4

Question 5

Haloalkane into alkene

Answer 5

Absence of water, KOH, ethanolic conditions, high temp

Question 6

Haloalkane into alcohol

Answer 6

Aqueous NaOH, warm conditions

Question 7

Haloalkane into amine

Answer 7

Ammonia, high temperature

Question 8

Alkane into haloalkane

Answer 8

Halogen, UV light

Question 9

Aldehyde into carboxylic acid

Answer 9

Reflux with acidified potassium dichromate

Question 10

Alcohol into aldehyde

Answer 10

Distil with acidified potassium dichromate

Question 11

Aldehyde into 2-hydroxynitrile

Answer 11

Add HCN

Question 12

Alcohol to ester

Answer 12

Convert half the alcohol to carboxylic acid by refluxing with acidified potassium dichromate