Organic synthesis and analysis Flashcards
What is pump filtration
A technique involving filtering under reduced pressure. The system uses a vacuum to separate solids and liquids. Washing the solid afterwards maximises the yield.
What is recrystallisation
A method of purifying a product by dissolving it and its impurities in a common solvent at a certain temperature, and then pump filtrating it at a lower temperature where the product is solid.
What information can a % composition give you
the empirical formula
What information does mass spectroscopy give you
The Mr and mass of fragments
What information can infra-red spectroscopy give you
The type of bonding in the molcule
What information can low-resolution NMR give you
The number of environments, the number of atoms in each environment and the types of bonds
What information can high-resolution NMR give you
The number of environments, number of atoms in each environment, types of bonds, and the number of atoms on the adjacent carbon
How can the purity of a substance be assessed
using the melting point
What is condensation polymerisation
Requires 2 monomers which must both have two functional groups. Yields a large main product and a small waste product
What is addition polymerisation
Requires one type of monomer and produces 1 type of product
What is chromatography used for
Used to identify and separate mixtures, as well as to check purity
What is the stationary phase in chromatography
The paper
What is the mobile phase in chromatography
The solvent and the dissolved sample
How do you calculate the Rf value
distance travelled by sample/distance travelled by solvent
What is column chromatography
A large column where the stationary phase is backed inside, and the mobile phase is passed through it
