Organic Synthesis Flashcards by pen 6816

Q

Bromoalkane to alcohol

A

NaOH

Reflux

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Q

Bromoalkane to primary amine

A

NH₃
Ethanol
Reflux

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Q

Alcohol to bromoalkane

A

NaBr
H₂SO₄
Reflux

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Q

Bromoalkane to alkene

A

NaOH/ethanol

Reflux

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Q

Alkene to bromoalkane

A

HBr 20˚C

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Q

Alkene to alkane

A

H₂
150°C
Nickel catalyst

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Q

Alkene to dibromoalkane

A

Br₂

20˚C

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Q

Alcohol to aldehyde/ketone

A

K₂Cr₂O₇
H₂SO₄
Heat then distill

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Q

Aldehyde/ketone to alcohol

A

LiAlH4
Dry ethyl ether
Heat

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Q

Aldehyde/ketone to hydroxynitrile

A

HCN
Ethanol
Reflux

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Q

Carboxylic acid to alcohol

A

LiAlH₄
Dry ethyl ether
Heat

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Q

Aldehyde/ketone to carboxylic acid

A

K₂Cr₂O₇
H₂SO₄
Reflux

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Q

Nitrile to carboxylic acid

A

HCL

Reflux

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Q

Carboxylic acid to ester

A

Alcohol
H⁺ catalyst
Reflux

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Q

Ester to carboxylic acid

A

H⁺ reflux

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Q

Acyl chloride to carboxylic acid

A

H₂O

20˚C

Q

Carboxylic acid to acyl chloride

A

PCl₅

20˚C

Q

Acyl chloride to ester

A

Alcohol

20°C

Q

Acyl chloride to N-substituted amide

A

Amine

20˚C

Q

Acyl chloride to primary amide

A

NH₃

20°C

Q

Benzene to benzenesulfonic acid

A

Sulfonation
Fuming H₂SO₄
Warm

Q

Benzene to cyclohexane

A

H₂

Raney nickel catalyst

Q

Benzene to bromobenzene

A

Bromination
Br₂
FeBr₃ catalyst
Warm

Q

Acylation of benzene

A

RCOCl
AlCl₃
Catalyst, reflux, dry ether

Alkylation of benzene

RCl AlCl₃ Catalyst Reflux dry ether

Benzene to nitrobenzene

Nitration H₂SO₄ HNO₃ 55°C

Nitrobenzene to phenylamine

Sn/HCL | Reflux

Phenylamine to benzenediazonium chloride

HNO₂/HCl

Benzenediazonium chloride to yellow/orange azo compound

Phenol | NaOH

Phenol to 2,4,6 triobromophenol

Bromine water | 20°C

Phenol to 2-nitrophenol + 4-nitrophenol

Dilute nitric acid.

Alkane to bromoalkane

Br₂ UV light