Organic Synthesis

Question 1

What is reflux

Answer 1

When the reation mixture is heated evaporated and cooled to make sure that the organic substance properly reacts

Question 2

What is distilation

Answer 2

Seperation of liquids by boiling points, Substrates evaporate out of the mixture in order of increasing Boiling point. Thermometer used to direct the boiling point for correct production of products

Question 3

What is redistillation

Answer 3

Purification of volatile liquids. Liquids condense at different temperatures and removes impurities

Question 4

Seperation

Answer 4

Seperating funnels are used, add the mixture and water then shake organic layer denser so should be at the top with aq layer at the bottom, aq layer can be removed and the organic/ aq layer can be dried using CaCl2 or MgSO4- as drying agents which bind to the water

Question 5

Alkane- Haloalkane

Answer 5

UV light

Question 6

Alkene- Dihaloalkane

Answer 6

20degrees C

Question 7

Alkene- Alkane

Answer 7

H2 nickel catalst 150 degrees

Question 8

Alkene- Haloalkane

Answer 8

Steam H3PO4 300 degrees and 60/70 atm

Question 9

Haloalkane- Alkene

Answer 9

conc H2SO4

Question 10

Haloalkane- alcohol

Answer 10

Warm NaOh or KOH, H20 under refluxA

Question 11

Alcohol- Haloalkane

Answer 11

H2SO4 20degrees

Question 12

Alcohol- aldehyde

Answer 12

K2Cr2O7, H2SO4 primary alcohol distilation

Question 13

Alcohol- ketone

Answer 13

K2Cr2O7 reflux, secondary alcohol

Question 14

Aldehyde- Carboxylic acid

Answer 14

K2Cr2O7, H2SO4 reflux